IB biology final

What kind of ribosomes do prokaryotes have?

70S ribosomes

What kind of ribosomes do eukaryotes have?

80s ribosomes

What are emergent properties?

Properties that emerge when parts interact as a whole

What is an R-group?

Variable side chain molecule which is different in each amino acid

Why aren't fats transported in large amounts in the blood?

They are hyrdrophobic and insoluble in water

What is the arrangement of subunits in a DNA nucleotide?

Phosphate-sugar-base

What is semi-conservative replication?

One existing strand as a template for the new strand

Why do phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Their amphipathic properties (hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts)

What is a waste product of anaerobic respiration in humans?

Lactate

What is a dependent variable for an experiment that looks at factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Volume of oxygen produced

What is a phenotype?

Observable traits of an organism

What is the outcome of natural selection?

Evolution

Pentadactyl limbs are examples of what type of structure?

Homologous

What kind of organism uses enzymes to break down food before ingestion?

Saprotroph

What is a mutualistic relationship?

A relationship that benefits both populations

What conveys messages from the CNS to an endocrine gland?

Motor neurons

What quantities of Na/K are pumped in/out during resting potential phase of neuron activity?

Na- actively transferred out (3)

K- actively transferred in (2)

If your body overheats, what type of feedback would result in sweating?

Negative

What is special about phloem sieve tube cells?

No nucleus

What is always a consequence of the evaporation of water from mesophyll cells in leaves of a healthy plant?

Water moves up the stem in the xylem

Why do large organisms need specialized gas exchange structures?

They have relatively small surface in contact with the outside

What occurs around day 15 of the menstrual cycle?

Formation of the corpus luteum

What can be seen in a plan diagram of a leaf?

Vascular bundles and thickness of palisade mesophyll

What type of cell is a component of the innate immune system?

Phagocyte

What distinguishes capillaries from other blood vessels?

They have thin, permeable walls to allow exchange of materials between tissue and blood.