Irrigation Systems 550 Final

What is this?

Spray Sprinkler - 4 inch

What is this?

Spray Sprinkler - 6 inch

What is this?

Gear rotor sprinklers

What is this?

Valve-in-head rotor sprinkler

What is this?

Impact rotor sprinkler

What is this?

Fixed nozzles

What is this?

Variable arc nozzles

What is this?

Rotary spray nozzle

What is this?

Nozzle tree of gear rotor nozzles

What is this?

Gear rotor adjustment key

What is this?

Flush caps

What is this?

Riser

What is this?

PE Swing joint

What is this?

PVC Swing joint

What is this?

Microspray

What is this?

Drip tubing

What is this?

1/4’’ distrobution tubing

What is this?

PE fitting - insert (barbed) tee

What is this?

PE fitting - insert (barbed) coupling

What is this?

PE fitting - Insert (barbed) elbow

What is this?

PE fitting - Compression tee

What is this?

Barbed connector (connect distribution tubing to other tubing)

What is this?

Goof plug

What is this?

WYE filter

What is this?

Emitters

What is this?

Multi-port emission device

What is this?

Flush valve

What is this?

Air (vaccum) relief valve

What is this?

Pressure regulator

What is this?

Bubbler nozzle

What is a pitot tube used for?

Measuring water pressure

The measure of how evenly water is being applied by sprinklers in overlapping coverage is known as this

Distribution uniformity

The Scheduling Multiplier is 1.22, and you normally water 30 total minutes a week. How long should you water?

36.6 minutes

The Scheduling multiplier is 1.22, and your plants need 0.75 inches of water/week. How much water/week is needed?

0.92 inches

What is the measure of water that actually reaches the target site called?

Net precipitation rate

What is the net precipitation rate for your zone with the following audit results?

1.19 in/hr

A zone had a net precipitation rate = 1.19 in/hr, what sprinkler type is most likely installed?

Spray with fixed/VAN nozzles

Is field capacity of soil water minus the permanent wilting point = % available water capacity?

Yes

If given the assumed total flow (GPM) of a zone and the total zone area covered, you can calculate the…

Theoretical precipitation rate

The radius adjustment screw should only adjust the radius by a maximum of…

25%

The amount of soil water the plant is allowed to extract from the rooting zone between irrigation timings

Maximum allowable depletion

How fast the water will enter the soil ad move through the soil profile is known as…

Infiltration rate

The arc of this spray nozzle is adjusted by turning the top half of the nozzle in the direction of the arrows on top

Variable arc nozzle

Do gear rotor sprinklers require higher water pressure (PSI) than spray sprinklers?

Yes

Are VANs more likely to get knocked out of alignment and waste water compared to fixed arc nozzles?

Yes

What soil texture is likely to have the highest water holding capacity?

Silty clay

T or F: Runoff will NOT occur at your site because the net PR = 0.75 in/hr and infiltration rate = 0.4 in/hr.

False

The name of the technique when water is applied directly near the plant is called … irrigation

Point source

When water molecules are held onto the soil particles by a thin film around the particles, it is known as?

Adsorption

What is the most common flow rate for drip irrigation?

0.5 to 4.0 GPH

Which type of sprinkler would require a longer run time to apply 0.75 inches of water across an area?

Gear rotors

This type of water emission device provides deep, localized watering (a lot of water, short amount of time, small area)

Bubblers

Drip irrigation: add up all your emitters and ensure that you do not exceed … of the system flow rate

75%

A full-circle gear rotor head has 8 GPM output, what should the quarter-circle have to be a matched precipitation rate?

2 GPM

… Is a property of water resulting from both adhesion and cohesion

Capillarity

Drip tubing emitters on sandy soils should be placed (spaced) … compared to clay soils

Closer together

To achieve the most uniform irrigation distribution, the sprinklers should water …

Sprinkler-to-sprinkler

What would be the optimal PSI range for a drip irrigation system?

20 to 30 PSI

What is the DUiq? (hint: 24 catch devices Vavg = 41.5 ml)

0.67

What is the PRnet? (Vavg = 41.5 ml, 24 catch devices, 18.5in² catch device throat and 14 minute run time)

0.59 in/hr

Which of the following terms is AC the acronym for?

Alternating current

What is the most common voltage used when turning on a sprinkler valve?

24 volts ac

Ohms is a measurement of

Resistance

This device takes a source of electricity and changes it into another usable form of voltage

Transformer

The higher than normal current drawn by some loads upon activation is known as..?

Inrush current

Match the wire size (AWG) based on the smallest to largest diameter

18-guage: smallest 14-guage: middle 12-guage: largest

The flow electrons along a wire is known as...?

Current

Using Ohm’s law, calculate the resistance using the following information:

Voltage = 120 V

Current = 15 amps

8 ohms

Wire exposed to warmer temperatures experiences _______ resistance

Increased

A higher water pressure (PSI) at the valve may require a _____ wire diameter

Larger

Rank the wire size (AWG) from least to greatest resistance

18-guage: most resistance 14-guage: medium resistance 12-guage: least resistance

Work preformed by an electrical current is called power, it is measured in...?

Watts

How many amps are required for a 24-volt solenoid that requires 10.6 watts to operate?

0.44

How many watts is a 24-volt solenoid that requires 0.35 amps?

8.4

An efficient power source that uses three sinusoidal waves evenly spaced to create smoother operation of motors, pumps and other electrical loads is known as what?

Three-phase power

The two primary things we test for in electrical troubleshooting with the controller and solenoid valves are:

Resistance and AC voltage

Testing the controller transformer, a good voltage reading after the transformer would be in the range of:

20-30 volts

Bad conductors of electricity, such as wood and glass, are materials that hold electrons…

Tightly

A device used to increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) incoming voltage is known as a…

Transformer

These devices need to be programmed at each valve to give it a communication number so the controller can communicate with it when using a two-wire system

Decoder

What type of pipe is this?

Class 200 PVC pipe

When higher pressure occurs in the downstream piping compared to the upstream piping, this is called what?

Back-pressure

What are these? (black pieces under the sprinkler connected to the lateral pipe)

Swing joint

The most common valves used in horticultural systems today are:

Electrical actuated valves

What is this?

Schedule 80 union

Using a PVC pipe to protect other water piping and wiring under concrete (sidewalks, driveways, etc.) is known as what?

Sleeving

If a forward diaphragm valve fails (e.g., hole in diaphragm), then the sprinklers will not turn on

False

What is it called when the water supply is connected to equipment that can potentially act as a contamination source?

Cross-connection

What valve is used in a pipeline that allows water flow in only one direction?

Check valve

The piping is usually under constant water pressure and is connected from the backflow to the solenoid valves

Main line

What type of fitting is this?

Saddle

What type of fitting is this?

Tee

What type of fitting is this?

Telescopic repair coupler

For solvent-weld connections, the primer is mainly used to clean off dirt/debris on the pipe/fittings

False

This type of PVC pipe has a constant pressure rating regardless of outside diameter size

Class-rated pipe

What is the weakest part of a piping system? (most likely to leak)

PVC threaded connections

The coil of wire in a valve that acts as an electromagnet when the electric current is passed through is the

Solenoid

When multiple valves are placed in the same box it is known as a

Valve manifold

To identify the type of class (pressure)-rated pipe (i.e., class 125, 160, 200, or 315), you can look at the

Standard dimensional ratio (SDR)

Domestic or treated drinking water that is used as a source of irrigation water is known as

Potable water