Cranial Nerves and Neurogenesis

A set of flashcards covering key concepts related to cranial nerves, their functions, and neurogenesis.

Neurogenesis

The process by which new neurons are formed in the brain.

Hippocampus

The brain area involved in verbal memory and learning that is increased in size with physical activity.

Cranial Nerves

Nerves that arise directly from the brain and innervate muscles and organs in the head and neck.

Vagus Nerve (X)

A cranial nerve that innervates all of the muscles of the larynx and some muscles of the pharynx and provides autonomic function to viscera.

Joint Function of Cranial Nerves

Cranial nerves can be motor, sensory, or mixed nerves, serving various functions in the head and neck.

Muscles of Mastication

The muscles that are responsible for chewing, innervated by the Trigeminal nerve (V).

Parasympathetic Nervous System

The part of the autonomic nervous system that conserves energy and promotes 'rest-and-digest' functions, innervated by cranial nerves such as the facial (VII) and glossopharyngeal (IX) nerves.

Corticobulbar Tract

A pathway that provides motor control from the brain to cranial nerve nuclei.

Acoustic-Vestibular (VIII) Nerve

A cranial nerve that handles balance and hearing.

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

The cranial nerve responsible for motor innervation to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue.