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chlorophyll
A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria, that absorbs light energy
chloroplast
cell organelle where photosynthesis takes place (contains chlorophyll)
oxygen
a gas that is a waste product of photosynthesis; O2
carbon dioxide
Gas taken in and used during photosynthesis; gas released after cellular respiration; CO2
leaf
the part of the plant where most photosynthesis takes place
light energy
energy from the sun that is used by plants to produce their own food by the process of photosynthesis
stomata
tiny holes in the leaves of the plant where gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen enter and exit
Photosynthesis
converting light energy to the chemical energy of food, in plants
Photosynthesis word equation
light energy + carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen
Photosynthesis symbol equation
CO2+H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2
Glucose
a simple sugar made during photosynthesis
product
a substance that is formed by a chemical reaction
autotroph
An organism that makes its own food
primary producer
An autotroph, usually a photosynthetic organism. Collectively, autotrophs make up the trophic level of an ecosystem that ultimately supports all other levels.
consumer
An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms
Heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
Photo autotrophs
organism that uses energy from sunlight to perform photosynthesis
Phytoplankton
photosynthetic algae found near the surface of the ocean
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
main energy source that cells use for most of their work; created during cellular respiration
reactants
materials that are needed for or used in a chemical reaction (raw materials)
products
The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.
cellular respiration
the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
energy
The ability to do work or cause change
law of conservation of energy
the law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another
law of conservation of mass
Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change
molecule
A group of atoms bonded together
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
chemical reaction
the process by which one or more substances change chemically, to produce one or more different substances
decomposers
Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms
aerobic respiration
Respiration that requires oxygen
anaerobic respiration
Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid in muscle cells.
macromolecule
A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules
carbohydrate
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
protein
macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
fat
A large lipid molecule also called a triglyceride. Most fats function as energy-storage molecules and are composed of mostly carbon and hydrogen
