Photosythnesis and Cellular Respiration

chlorophyll

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria, that absorbs light energy

chloroplast

cell organelle where photosynthesis takes place (contains chlorophyll)

oxygen

a gas that is a waste product of photosynthesis; O2

carbon dioxide

Gas taken in and used during photosynthesis; gas released after cellular respiration; CO2

leaf

the part of the plant where most photosynthesis takes place

light energy

energy from the sun that is used by plants to produce their own food by the process of photosynthesis

stomata

tiny holes in the leaves of the plant where gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen enter and exit

Photosynthesis

converting light energy to the chemical energy of food, in plants

Photosynthesis word equation

light energy + carbon dioxide + water --\> glucose + oxygen

Photosynthesis symbol equation

CO2+H2O --\> C6H12O6 + O2

Glucose

a simple sugar made during photosynthesis

product

a substance that is formed by a chemical reaction

autotroph

An organism that makes its own food

primary producer

An autotroph, usually a photosynthetic organism. Collectively, autotrophs make up the trophic level of an ecosystem that ultimately supports all other levels.

consumer

An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food.

Photo autotrophs

organism that uses energy from sunlight to perform photosynthesis

Phytoplankton

photosynthetic algae found near the surface of the ocean

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

main energy source that cells use for most of their work; created during cellular respiration

reactants

materials that are needed for or used in a chemical reaction (raw materials)

products

The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.

cellular respiration

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food

matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

energy

The ability to do work or cause change

law of conservation of energy

the law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another

law of conservation of mass

Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change

molecule

A group of atoms bonded together

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

chemical reaction

the process by which one or more substances change chemically, to produce one or more different substances

decomposers

Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms

aerobic respiration

Respiration that requires oxygen

anaerobic respiration

Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid in muscle cells.

macromolecule

A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules

carbohydrate

compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body

protein

macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair

fat

A large lipid molecule also called a triglyceride. Most fats function as energy-storage molecules and are composed of mostly carbon and hydrogen