Anatomical Terms and Organ Systems

RUQ

Gallbladder, duodenum, right lobe of liver, head of pancreas, right adrenal gland, part of right kidney, portion of ascending colon, portion of transverse colon

LUQ

Spleen, stomach, body of pancreas, left lobe of liver, left adrenal gland, part of left kidney, portion of transverse colon, portion of descending colon

RLQ

Appendix, cecum, portion of ascending colon, right ovary, right ureter, right spermatic cord, lower portion of kidney

LLQ

Sigmoid colon, portion of descending colon, left ovary, left ureter, left spermatic cord, lower portion of kidney

Median/midsaggital plane

Down the midline, divides body into left and right

Median, (mid)saggital plane

Divides the body into left and right down the midline

Frontal/coronal plane

Divides the ventral and dorsal surfaces

Horizontal (transverse, cross-sectional) plane

Divides the body up and down

Dorsal body cavities

Cranial, vertebral

Cranial cavity

Contains the brain

Vertebral cavity

Contains the spinal cord and spinal fluid

Ventral body cavities

Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic

Thoracic cavity

Contains the heart and lungs

Within the thoracic cavity there is…

Superior mediastinum, pleural cavity, pericardial cavity

Superior mediastinum

Contains the blood vessels of the heart

Pleural cavity

Contains lungs

Pericardial cavity

Contains fluid and the heart

Abdominal cavity

Contains digestive viscera

Pelvic cavity

Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

Serous fluid

Allows for frictionless movement for the organs in the ventral cavity

Order for membrane from outer to inner

Parietal, serous fluid, visceral

Integumentary system

Skin, dermis, glands

Integumentary system function

Regulation and prevents water loss

Skeletal system

Bones, cartilages, ligaments, and tendons

Skeletal system function

Protection and support, blood cell production

Muscular system

Muscles attached to bones

Muscular system function

Movement, posture, heat generation

Nervous system

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors

Nervous system function

Regulates and coordinates sensation and movement

Endocrine system

Pituitar, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal pineal, ovaries, testes, pancreas

Endocrine system function

Regulation and maintenance of growth and metabolism

Cardiovascular system

Heart, blood vessels, blood

Cardiovascular system function

Transport of nutrients and waste, immune function

Lymphatic system

Vessels, nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils and lymph tissue

Lymphatic system function

immune response, circulatory functions, fat absorption

Respiratory system

Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, lungs, bronchi

Respiratory system function

Oxygen and carbon dioxide gaseous exchange

Digestive system

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Digestive system function

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of ingested foods, absorption

Urinary system

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

Urinary system function

Waste removal, regulates pH, water balance

Reproductive systems

Male: testes, prostate, scrotum, penis, and duct system Female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, vagina

Reproductive system function

Produce sex cells and sex hormones