Social Fur Trade Phases and More

What did the First Nations want from the Europeans?

They wanted tools and other resources like metal axes, pots and pans, knives, rifles and gunpowder, cloth, and beads

What did the Europeans want from the First Nations?

They wanted furs, foods, and knowledge of the land. Some examples of that are beaver pelts, mink, Marvin and fish

Who were the four major groups that took part in the fur trade?

The merchants, British, French, and the courier de bois.

Trading goods is called a ________ system

Barter

What was the roles of the First Nations women during the fur trade?

Sharing language and geography skills, paddled canoes and worked in camps, preparing furs, working in the forts, and working “ on the road”.

Why did the French traders have an advantage over trade along the ST Lawrence River?

Because the First Nations would travel by boat because it was the fastest way to transport goods

Who was Pierre Gaultier de Varennes and why was he important?

He was a French fur trader and explorer. He was important because the Saskatchewan river became really important to the French fur traders after he established posts there.

What happened in phase 1 fur trade?

Cod fishing began, the British set up fish drying stations along the shores of NFL and NS, the mikmaq and other First Nations traded with European cod fishers, this was mutually beneficial.

What happened in phase 5 of the fur trade?

There was lots of fighting for control, the British wins, the HBC and the NWC merge, there is a monopoly, and the the Americans want in on the fur traders.

What happened in phase two of the fur trader?

French established New France and the waterways leading to St Lawrence were used heavily for travel and trade, Montreal became a busy shipping center, furs loaded onto ships then sent to France. Trade items were unloaded. Smaller boats transported goods sent between Montreal and Quebec, Ouendat became middlemen between FNP and the French whithin the GLR, hunting and trapping= reduced beaver population, coureurs de bois began working with the FNP to learn.

What happened in the phase 4 fur trade?

NF became controlled by Britain, entire fur trade became under British’s control, independent merchants began the NWC as a rival to the HBC, bothe company’s went further west into the country competing for furs and First Nation partners, trade routes became longer the further west the competition went, pemican started since they had longer journeys and it lasted long, people started moving out west.

What happened in phase three?

Britain established the HBC, the HBC competed directly with France, Britain had a monopoly over this area, The Bay Area in “ Rupert’s land” was very useful, and voyagers emerged.

What was pemmican?

It was an indigenous food made out of dried meat, fat, sugar and sometimes berrys. It was for when they traveled.

Who were the Métis?

They were the indigenous people

Métis means to mix races

There origins were from early 1600s to mid 1700s.

There is no specific phase

Who were the voyagers and what did they do?

They were responsible for paddling canoes and transporting trade goods inland and furs out.

What was a coureurs de bois?

They came in the fur trade in phase 2

Illegal traders

Runner of the woods

What were Ouendat

Came in phase 2

They were indigenous people

they were key middle men

Formed trade alliances with the French

What is an monoply

A monoply is when one company has a total control over a specific market

What does mutually beneficial mean?

When both party’s are getting something good from the interaction.

What is a Canadien?

They were often a voyager or a coureurs de bois from New France.

What is an ogimauh?

An Ogimauh is a leader or chief within Anishinaabe First Nations society’s.

What is a habitant?

It was an early French settler in Canada ( especially Quebec).

What was a merchant?

It was a person or business involved in buying and selling goods for profit

Buisness owners

What was Frenches philosophy

It was language, culture, and religion.

What was Britishes philosophy?

If was land, money, and power.