Structure and Function in Plants and Animals Pre-Assessment

The pre-assessment quiz in unit 6, Structure and Function in Plants and Animals, in the course Introduction to Biology for Veterinary Technicians at Penn Foster College

Which of the following descriptions is true of animals?

Animals are multicellular heterotrophs.

What helps give tissues their strength?

Collagen

Before fertilization takes place, an angiosperm embryo sac is typically made of how many nuclei and cells?

Eight nuclei within seven cells

What's the purpose of leaves in plants?

To perform photosynthesis

What's the purpose of vascular tissue in plants?

To transport nutrients and water throughout the plant

_______ are a group of nonvascular plants that are the closest living relative of the first land plants.

Bryophytes

Seeds and pollen help plants reproduce outside of water. Many evergreen trees have thickened bark to survive freezing temperatures and fire. Chordates have a postanal tail that allows them to move in water, maintain balance, or signal other animals. These examples are illustrations of

adaptations.

_______ can be made by the body, although animals often get them in their diet.

Nonessential nutrients

Which of the following accurately ranks these animal phyla according to their diversity?

Arthropoda is the most diverse animal phylum, followed by Mollusca; the phylum that includes vertebrates is much less diverse.

Animals with diets lacking in _______ can experience poor vision or vision loss, but too much can cause toxicity in most animals.

vitamin A

Leafy plants have _______ that regulate the opening and closing of stomata and help maintain homeostasis.

guard cells

What's the process of the nascent plant emerging from the seed coat?

Germination

What are the two stages that plants cycle between during their life cycle?

The gametophyte and sporophyte stages

Chordates are a group of animals that have muscles attached to a/an _______, which is based on a supportive cellular rod called a notochord.

endoskeleton

What are the vascular cells that conduct water in all land plants other than bryophytes?

Tracheids

Snow geese in the Northern Hemisphere travel south in the fall and north in the spring. They're one of many birds that display the innate behavior of

migration.

Auxins

Make cell walls more flexible to allow plant growth

Cytokinins

Regulate plant growth, especially in the roots and fruits of a plant

Gibberellins

Regulate how nutrients are used during germination and seedling development

Ethylene

Causes fruits to ripen and other plant tissues such as flowers and leaves to age

Abscisic Acid

Causes leaves and fruits to drop and causes seeds and buds to go dormant according to the seasons

Diurnal

Animals that are active during the day.

Nocturnal

Animals that are active at night.

Crepuscular

Animals that are active at twilight.

There's a high degree of diversity in animal form and animals' inhabited ecosystems, but most animals share a few common characteristics, which include:

-The cell junctions of animals include gap junctions, tight junctions, and desmosomes.

-Most animals reproduce sexually, although many species can reproduce asexually as well.

Order the process of how water moves through a plant.

1) Water enters the plant through the roots in the soil, driven by osmosis because the root cells have a higher solute concentration than the surrounding soil.

2) Water is conducted through the xylem by capillary action.

3) Transpiration through the leaves is how water exits the plant, which creates a negative pressure and pulls additional water from the xylem into the leaf.