Medical Terminology - Volume 2 Flashcards

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes covering lymphatic systems, immune responses, oncology terms, disorders, and treatments.

lymph/o

Lymph (think: lymph = liquid that travels through lymph vessels)

lymphaden/o

Lymph node (breakdown: aden = gland → lymph gland (node))

immun/o

Immune; protection (memory trick: immunity protects you)

splen/o

Spleen

thym/o

Thymus gland

tonsill/o

Tonsils

aden/o

Gland

carcin/o

Cancer

onc/o

Tumor (memory trick: an oncologist treats cancer)

hist/o

Tissue

anti-

Against (EX: antibiotic = against bacteria)

macro-

Large

micro-

Small

neo-

New (EX: Neoplasm = new growth)

-cyte

Cell

-ectomy

Surgical removal

-oma

Tumor or mass

-ology

Study of

-ologist

Specialist

-pathy

Disease

Lymphatic system - main function?

Returns excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream and helps fight infection.

Lymph nodes - function?

Filter lymph and trap bacteria, viruses, and abnormal cells.

Spleen -function?

Filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and stores platelets.

Thymus -function?

Matures T lymphocytes (T cells). (Think: Thymus makes T cells)

Tonsils -function?

Help trap germs entering through the mouth and nose.

Lymphocytes

White blood cells that fight infection.

B cells

Produce antibodies.

T cells

Attack infected or abnormal cells.

Antibodies

Proteins that recognize and destroy harmful invaders.

Lymphedema

Swelling caused by blocked lymph flow.

Lymphadenopathy

Enlarged lymph nodes or disease of the lymph nodes. (Breakdown: lymphaden = lymph node; -pathy = disease

Lymphoma

Cancer of the lymphatic system.

Hodgkin lymphoma

Cancer that usually starts in one lymph node and spreads in an orderly pattern.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Group of lymphatic cancers that spread less predictably.

Leukemia

Cancer of white blood cells.

AIDS

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. (caused by HIV)

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus. (attacks the immune system)

Autoimmune disease

The immune system attacks the body's own tissues. (EX: lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or type 1 diabetes)

Allergic reaction

Immune system overreacts to a harmless substance.

Anaphylaxis

Severe, life-threatening allergic reaction. (medical emergency)

Immunotherapy

Uses the immune system to fight disease.

Immunosuppressants

Medications that reduce immune activity. (Used after organ transplants and for autoimmune diseases)

Monoclonal antibodies

Lab-made antibodies used to target specific diseases.

Vaccine

Helps the immune system develop protection against disease.

Chemotherapy

Uses drugs to destroy cancer cells.

Radiation therapy

Uses high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells.

Biopsy

Removal of tissue for examination.

CBC

Complete Blood Count. (measures blood cells)

Lymph node biopsy

Removal of a lymph node to check for cancer or infection.

Bone marrow biopsy

Examines blood cell production.

Immunology

The study of the immune system.

Splenectomy

Surgical removal of the spleen. (splen = spleen, -ectomy = surgical removal)

Tonsillitis

Inflammation of the tonsils. (tonsill = tonsil, -itis = inflammation)

Oncology

The study of tumors and cancer. (onc = tumor, -ology = study of)

WBC

White Blood Cell

NK Cell

Natural Killer Cell (part of the immune system that destroys infected or cancerous cells)