Anatomy Lab - Unit 3

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dorsal interossei

• abduction of metatarsophalangeal joints of toes 3 & 4

• flexion of metatarsophlangeal joints of toes 2-4

  extension at the interphalangeal joints of 2-4

subtalar ligaments

navicular bone

tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

tuber calcanei

• most posterior part of calcaneus; “the heel”

lateral collateral ligament of knee

sacrotuberous ligament - goes from PSIS to lower sacrum to ishial tubersosity of pelvis

sacrospinous ligament

medial meniscus

posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

• has 2 heads

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

• tibia to femur

• stabilizes joint

tibial collateral ligament (medial collateral ligament or MCC)

patellar ligament

deltoid ligament

sciatic nerve - largest and longest nerve in body

• emerges through greater sciatic notch from under piriformis muscle

• in 15% of ppl it goes through the piriformis

• curves over 3 muscles

soleus

• plantar flexion at ankle

sartorius

• seatbelt muscle

• flexion at knee

• abduction, flexion, lateral rotation at hip

gluteus minimis

• abduction and medial rotation at hip

fibularis brevis

• eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle

tibialis anterior

• dorsiflexion of ankle

• inversion of foot

biceps femoris (long head in blue, short head in yellow)

• flexion at knee

• extension and lateral rotation at hip

flexor hallucis longus

• flexion at joints of great toe

• plantar flexes ankle

popliteus

• medial rotation of tibia (or lateral rotation of femur) at knee

• flexion at knee

adductor brevis

• adduction and flexion at hip

ischiofemoral ligament

• on posterior side

• connects trochanter femor to body

The small intestine absorbs _% of _?

90%, nutrients we eat

What are the small intestine parts, their length, and descriptions?

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

• 1ft long, shortest and widest part

• 3ft long, thick wall of DNA rich blood supplu

• 6ft long, thin walls

pancreas

• behind stomach

• secretes enzyme rich pancreatic juice which gets delivered into the duodenum

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) are the __ most common

second

spleen

• most lateral and in contact with the tail of the pancreas

• important for RBC (red blood cell) turnover

• you can live without it, but have to be careful

quadratus plantae

• flexion at joints of toes 2-5

lumbricals

• flexion at metatarsophalangeal joints; extension at interphalangeal joints of toes 2-5

plantar interossei (3 of these)

• adduction at metatarsophalangeal joints of toes 3-5

• flexion of metatarsophalangeal joints

• extension at interphalangeal joints

head of femur

fovea capitis of femur

neck of femur

greater trochanter

lesser trochanter

gluteal tuberosity of humerus

pectineal line of femur

linea aspera of femur

body of femur

intertrochanteric crest of femur

lateral epicondyle of femur

intercondylar fossa of femur

medial epicondyle of femur

• red: medial condyles

• purple: medial epicondyles

• blue: lateral epicondyles

• green: lateral condyles

quadriceps tendon

semitendinosus

• flexion at knee

• extension and medial rotation at hip

transverse acetabular ligament

• on inferior portion of the acetabulum

extensor hallicus longus

• extension at joints of great toe

• dorsiflexes ankle

gracilis

• flexion and medial rotation at knee

• adduction and medial rotation at hip

adductor longus

• adduction, flexion, and medial rotation at hip

psoas major

• flexion at hip and/or lumbar intervertebral joints

obturator nerve

• destination: obturator foramen

• medial to psoas groupm, slightly lateral & posterior to the common iliac artery

piriformis

• lateral rotation and abduction of hip

• helps maintain stability of hip

subcostal nerve

• inferior to rib 12

gluteus medius

• abduction and medial rotation at hip

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (of the thigh)

• originates from deep to the psoas group

• crosses the iliacus & continues under the inguineal ligament to the lateral thigh

• “cutaneous” indicates that it is sensory to the skin of that region

tensor fascia latae

• extension at knee and lateral rotation of leg (through IT band)

• abduction and medial rotation of thigh

calcaneus

• heel bone

lateral cuneiform bone

fibular collateral ligament (LCL)

• fibula to femur

patellar retinaculae (lateral)

patellar retinaculae (medial)

lateral meniscus

metatarsals

proximal phalanges

distal phalanges

middle phalanges

iliotibial tract/band

• a band of collagen fibers that extends along the lateral surface of the thigh and inserts on the tibia

• stabilizes knee (when balancing on one foot)

femoral nerve

• huge nerve headed to quadriceps

• partially hidden by psoas major, crosses under the inguineal ligament into the femoral triangle of the anterior thigh

iliohypogastric nerves

• begins under stomach, ‘hypogastric’ & typically dives into the fascia between QL and transverse abdominis

subtalor ligaments

lateral collateral ligament of ankle joint

medial cuneiform (note: inferior view)

intermediate cuneiform (note: inferior view)

cuboid

talus

• on top of calcaneus

• articulates w/ tibia & fibula

pectineus

• flexion and adduction at hip

adductor hallucis (red - transverse head, blue - oblique head)

• adduction and flexion of metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe

fibularis longus

• eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle

iliosacaral ligament

• forms SI joint

flexor digitorum longus

• flexion of joints of toes 2-5

• plantar flexes ankle

adductor magnus

• adduction at hip

• one part does flexion and medial rotation

• one part does extension

inferior gemellus

• lateral rotation and abduction of hip

vastus medialis

• extension at knee

rectus femoris

• extension at knee; flexion at hip

quadratus femoris

• lateral rotation of hip

semimembranosus

• flexion at knee

• extension and medial rotation at hip

gluteus maximus

• extension and lateral rotation at hip, helps stabilize extended knee

• abduction at the hip

quadratus lumborum

• flex the spine and depress the ribs

obturator internus

• lateral rotation and abduction of hip

plantaris

• plantar flexion at ankle

• flexion at knee

tibilalis posterior

• inversion of foot

• plantar flexion at ankle

extensor digitorum longus

• extension of toes 2-5

• dorsiflexes ankle

iliacus

• flexion at hip and when working w/ psoas major, flexes the intervertebral joints

abductor digiti minimi of foot

• abduction and flexion at metatarsophalangeal joint of toe 5