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Who is known as the Father of Biology?
Aristotle
How did Aristotle classify plants?
Into three groups: Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees.
What is the Two Kingdom system of classification proposed by Carolus Linnaeus?
Kingdom Plantae for plants and Kingdom Animalia for animals.
Which classification system did R.H. Whittaker propose?
A Five Kingdom Classification.
What is the main criteria for Five Kingdom classification?
Cell structure, Thallus organization, Mode of nutrition, Reproduction, Phylogenetic relationships.
What are the two types of cells?
Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells.
What is autotrophic nutrition?
The process of synthesizing nutrients by oneself, often through photosynthesis.
What does heterotrophic nutrition involve?
Organisms obtaining nutrients from other organisms.
What are the main types of heterotrophic nutrition?
Saprophytic nutrition, Parasitic nutrition, and Holozoic nutrition.
What characterizes Kingdom Monera?
It includes all prokaryotic organisms, mainly bacteria.
How do bacteria reproduce?
Mainly by fission, where a parent cell divides into two daughter cells.
What are the major groups of Kingdom Protista?
Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids, Slime moulds, and Protozoans.
What features define fungi?
They are mostly heterotrophic, absorbing organic matter from dead or decaying matter.
What is the difference between coenocytic and septate hyphae?
Coenocytic hyphae have multinucleated cytoplasm, while septate hyphae have cross walls.
What distinguishes viruses from cellular organisms?
Viruses are non-cellular and obligate parasites.
What is a prion?
An infectious agent consisting of abnormally folded protein.
What is a lichen?
A symbiotic association between algae (phycobiont) and fungi (mycobiont).
