A&P/med term digestive

emesis

vomit

Iasis

abnormal condition

megaly

enlargement

orexia

appetite

pepsia

digestion

phagia

swallowing; eating

prandial

meal

rrhea

discharge; flow

or/o

mouth

stoma/o

mouth

gloss/o or lingu/o

tongue

bucc/o

cheek

cheil/o or labi/o

lip

dent/o or odont/o

teeth

gingiv/o

gums

sial/o

saliva, salivary gland

esophag/o

esophagus

pharyng/o

pharynx

gastr/o

stomach

pylor/o

pylorus

duoden/o

duodenum

enter/o

intestine

jejun/o

jejunum

ile/o

ileum

append/o or appendic/o

appendix

col/o or colon/o

colon

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

rect/o

rectum

proct/o

anus, rectum

an/o

anus

hepat/o

liver

pancreat/o

pancreas

cholangi/o

bile vessel

chol/e

bile, gall

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

choledoch/o

bile duct

dia

through, across

peri

around

sub

under, below

ulcer

open sore on external or internal surface of the body

perforation

a hole made by boring or piercing

peritonitis

inflammation or infection of the peritoneum

hernia

a buldging of an organ/tissue through an abnormal opening

congenital

of a disease or abnormality present from birth

GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease

backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus as a result of a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus

hepatits

inflammation of the liver

Paraenteral route

administration of medications into the body by bypassing the GI tract

jaundice

yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membrane

diverticula

small, pouch-like outpouchings that form in the walls of hallow organs

anorexia

lack/loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction/infection

appendectomy

excision of a diseased appendix using an open or larascopic procedure

ascites

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

cachexia

physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass; associated with AIDS

cholelithiasis

presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder

cirrhosis

scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease

Crohn Disease

form of inflammatory bowel disease, usually of the ileum but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract

Hematemesis

vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus

hemoptysis

spitting/coughing blood

melana

dark, terlike feces that contain digested blood form bleeding in esophagus or stomach

Pyloric stenosis

stricture/narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocked the flow of food into the small intestine

anastomosis

Surgical connection created between 2 tubular structures

lithotripsy

procedure for crushing a stone and eliminating its fragments surgically or using ultrasonic shock waves

Paracentesis

procedure to remove fluid from the abdomen using a long, thin needle inserted through the belly

nasograstric intubation

insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose and into the belly

cholecystectomy

surgical procedure removing the gallbladder

Cystectomy

surgical procedure removing all or part of the bladder

gastroenterostomy

surgical procedure that creates a new opening between stomach and small intestine

colostomy

surgical procedure in which a surgeon forms an opening by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an incision in the abdomen and suturing into place

laparoscopic

minimally invasive appendectomy using 3 abdominal incisions while monitoring an enlarged image of the site

ulcerative colitis

chronic inflammatory disease of the colon, beginning in the rectum or sigmoid colon and extending upward into the entire colon

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

regurgitation

a backward flow, as in the return of solids and fluids to the mouth from the stomach

obstipation

severe constipation, which may be caused by an intestinal obstruction

halitosis

foul-smelling breath

borborygmus

rumbling/gurgling noises that are audible at the distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine

flatus

gas in the GI tract; expelling air from a body orifice, especially the anus

Diverticulosis

condition of small, bulding pouches in the wall of the colon

Situs inversus totalis

condition where the major organs in the chest and abdomen are reversed, mirroring their normal position

Ba

barium

BE or BaE

barium enema

BM

bowel movement

UGI

upper gastrointestinal

NG

nasogastric

R/O

rule out

GB

gallbladder

The stomach helps with:

a. mechanical digestion

b. chemical digestion

c. both of the above

c. both of the above

The folds in the stomach are called:

Rugae

List the 3 parts of the small intestine

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

which quadrant will your find the duodenum in?

RUQ

which quadrant will your find the ileum in?

RLQ/LLQ

which quadrant will your find the hepatic flexure in?

RUQ

which quadrant will your find the splenic flexure in?

LUQ

which quadrant will your find the sigmoid in?

LLQ

which quadrant will your find the cecum in?

RLQ

which quadrant will your find the ileocecal valve in?

RLQ

which quadrant will your find the appendix in?

RLQ

which quadrant will your find the right kidney in?

right side

which quadrant will your find the left kidney in?

left side

What are the folds in the small intestine called?

plica circularis/ valvula conniventies