Age of Exploration History Test Review

Choke Points

Strategic geographical locations that when countries control them, they can control who and what passes through them, gaining wealth.

Colombian Exchange

The transfer of goods, people, microbes, and ideas after the Europeans discovered the Americas

Staple Crops

Crops grown to sustain and grow the population.

Caravels

Lightweight ships that were able to navigate into the wind, making the exploration and navigation easier.

Cash Crops

Crops grown to be sold and make a profit.

Joint Stock Company

Business where lots of different investors buy and own shares in a venture.

Dutch East India Company (VOC)

This group developed the first joint stock company.

Disease

The most impactful thing traded between the Old World and the New World.

Middle Passage

The journey slaves we’re forced to make from Africa to the Americas.

Tobacco, sugarcane, cocao, cotton

What are examples of cash crops?

Maise, potatoes, rice

What are examples of stole crops?

Capitalism

The modern economic system that built off of how the Netherlands traded in the 1600s.

Triangle Trade

The trading system between the Americas, Europe and Africa

Tomatoes

What is not considered to be a cash crop?

Mother Country

They became wealthy from the raw materials they gained from their colonies and strictly controlled what their colonies produced.

Countries wanted to create an empire and gain political power.

Glory

Explorers hoped to gain profit through trade of spices, slaves, and precious metals.

Gold

Colonies

They were only allowed to trade with the mother county, making them dependent on the mother country to survive and depleting their natural resources.

God

Europeans desired to spread Christianity and seize Muslim lands.

Mercantilism

Belief that a country’s power depends on its wealth, especially from gold and silver.

Middle Passage

The journey slaves we’re forced to make from Africa to the Americas.

Indian Ocean

Trade region that was flourishing long before the Portuguese arrived, but that the Portuguese came to dominate through superior cannons and military power.

Slaves

What would Africa give to the Americas?

Raw Materials

What would the Americas give to Europe?

Manufactured Goods

What would Europe give to Africa?

Treaty of Tordesillas

Treaty between Spain and Portugal to determine which country had access to new territories discovered in the Americas.

God, Gold, and Glory

What were the 3 Gs?

Portugal, Spain, Netherlands, France, England

What were the 5 European countries involved in exploration?