Human Growth Hormone (hGH)

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to human growth hormone (hGH), including its production, functions, and associated disorders.

What gland produces human growth hormone (hGH)?

The anterior pituitary gland produces human growth hormone.

What are the tissues affected by hGH?

hGH affects almost every tissue in the body, especially muscles, cartilage, bone, and liver.

When is the quantity of hGH greatest in the human body?

The quantity of hGH is greatest during childhood and adolescence.

What are the functions of hGH related to cell growth?

hGH increases cell size, mitosis, and differentiation of bone growth and muscle cells.

How does hGH affect protein synthesis and energy utilization?

hGH stimulates the rate of protein synthesis, mobilizes fatty acids, and utilizes glucose to conserve carbs for brain energy.

What is the effect of hGH on blood glucose and fatty acid levels during fasting?

hGH increases fatty acid levels in blood by promoting fat breakdown, elevating blood glucose levels important for brain tissues during fasting.

What condition is caused by hypo secretion of hGH?

Dwarfism is caused by hypo secretion of hGH.

What condition results from hyper secretion of hGH during childhood?

Gigantism results from hyper secretion of hGH during childhood.

What is acromegaly and when does it occur?

Acromegaly is caused by hyper secretion of hGH in adulthood.