POLITICAL ORGANIZATION

Jamestown (1607)

First permanent English colony in North America, established by the Virginia Company under a charter from King James I.

House of Burgesses (1619)

First legislative assembly in the American colonies, elected by land-owning males. Laws had to be approved by the governor and the London Company.

Mayflower Compact (1620)

A contract signed by Pilgrims on the Mayflower, establishing self-government and majority rule in Plymouth Colony. Early example of popular sovereignty and democratic principles.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)

First written constitution in American history. Established representative government and a General Court. Did not mention the British Crown, emphasizing colonial autonomy.

King James II Imposes Royal Control (1685)

Attempted to centralize authority over the colonies, angered colonists by imposing strict royal rule.

Dominion of New England (1686)

Merged multiple colonies into one royal-controlled unit. Governor Sir Edmund Andros imposed new taxes and abolished local assemblies, increasing tensions with Britain.

The Glorious Revolution (1689)

King James II was overthrown by William III and Mary II. Led to the English Bill of Rights, which: Limited royal power, Strengthened Parliament, Ensured freedom of speech & fair trials.

The Glorious Revolution in America (1689)

Boston colonists overthrew Governor Andros, dissolving the Dominion of New England. Protestant rebels took control of Maryland, ending religious tolerance for Catholics. Led to greater colonial self-government, but also increased British regulations.

Maryland Becomes a Royal Colony (1692)

Maryland became a royal colony, ending Catholic leadership and strengthening Protestant rule.