History Notes

Christian anti semitism

________ was hardened by the Crusades, and Empires in Europe and later in the Americas would continue conquesting as "God Wills It.

Iberian Peninsula

Crusading was not limited to the Middle east, Christians who attempted to reclaim the ________ from Muslim hands were also declared crusaders, and so were Scandinavians and Germanic warriors who took part in settling in lands along the Baltic sea.

1095

The Crusades launched in ________ against the forces of Islam made relations even worse, and after Western forces seized Constantinople in the fourth crusade (1204), the rupture in Christendom proved irreparable.

Political power

________ was heavily centralized in Constantinople, the Emperor had control over the church, the state, and the military; and appointed the patriarch (leader of the Orthodox Church), could make changes to doctrine, and called church councils into session, this system of ruling became known as caesaropapism.

Byzantine empire

The ________ lost Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and North Africa due to Islamic invasions, but they still controlled Greece, much of the Balkans, and Anatolia up until the 1200s.

Roman Catholic

By 1200 most of Western Europe had embraced Christianity in some ________ variant, and the Church replaced some of the political, administrative, educational and welfare functions of the roman empire.

Kievan Rus

The ________ was the Area of Ukraine and Western Russia, made up of Finnic, Baltic, and Viking people named after their most prominent city Kiev, which emerged in the 9th century.

Crusades

The ________ has littling lasting impact, as European power was not able to induce enough conversion, but in Europe the ________ brought Spain Sicily and the Baltic Region into the world of western Christendom, weakened the Byzantines, and also brought in Islamic goods into Europe along with slave plantations.

Kievan Rus

The ________ held onto Orthodox Christianity even after the fall of the Byzantine empire.