Polish Penal Code: Crimes Against Freedom

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on Chapter 23 of the Polish Penal Code (Articles 189-193) regarding crimes against freedom and the associated penalties.

Article 189  1

Unlawfully depriving a person of their liberty, punishable by imprisonment from $3$ months to $5$ years.

Article 189  2

Deprivation of liberty lasting longer than $7$ days, punishable by imprisonment from $1$ to $10$ years.

Article 189  2a

Deprivation of liberty lasting longer than $7$ days involving a person helpless due to age, mental, or physical state; punishable by imprisonment from $2$ to $15$ years.

Article 189  3

Deprivation of liberty combined with special torment, punishable by imprisonment from $5$ to $25$ years.

Article 189a  1

Human trafficking, punishable by imprisonment from $3$ to $20$ years.

Article 189a  2

Making preparations to commit human trafficking, punishable by imprisonment from $3$ months to $5$ years.

Article 190  1

Threatening another person with a crime to their detriment or the detriment of their next of kin, causing justified fear; punishable by up to $3$ years imprisonment. Prosecution occurs upon the motion of the injured party.

Article 190a  1

Persistent harassment (stalking) causing a sense of danger, humiliation, or torment, or violating privacy; punishable by imprisonment from $6$ months to $8$ years.

Article 190a  2

Identity theft or impersonation using another's image or personal data to cause property or personal damage; punishable by imprisonment from $6$ months to $8$ years.

Article 190a  3

If persistent harassment or identity theft results in the victim attempting suicide, the perpetrator is subject to imprisonment from $2$ to $15$ years.

Article 191  1

Using violence or an unlawful threat to force a person into action, omission, or sufferance; punishable by up to $3$ years imprisonment. Prosecution occurs upon the motion of the injured party.

Article 191  1a

Using persistent violence or obstructing the use of a dwelling to force a person into action, omission, or sufferance; punishable by up to $3$ years imprisonment.

Article 191  2

Acting with violence or threats for the purpose of debt collection, punishable by imprisonment from $3$ months to $5$ years.

Article 191a

Recording an image of a naked person or a person during sexual activity using violence, threat, or deceit, or distributing such images without consent; punishable by $3$ months to $5$ years. Prosecution occurs upon the motion of the injured party.

Article 191b

Forcing another person into marriage or a similar union through violence, threat, abuse of dependency, or exploiting a critical situation; punishable by imprisonment from $3$ months to $5$ years.

Article 192

Performing a medical procedure without the patient's consent; punishable by a fine, limitation of liberty, or imprisonment up to $2$ years. Prosecution occurs upon the motion of the injured party.

Article 193

Disturbance of domestic peace by intruding into a home, apartment, or fenced area, or refusing to leave such a place; punishable by a fine, limitation of liberty, or imprisonment up to $1$ year. Prosecution occurs upon the motion of the injured party.