The Scientific Revolution/The Enlightenment

What is Geocentric theory?

The idea that everything revolves around the Earth.

What is Heliocentric theory?

The theory that everything revolves around the sun.

Who proved heliocentric theory?

It was supported by the observations of astronomers Kepler and Galileo when he improved on the invention of the telescope.

Who first thought of heliocentric theory?

Copernicus, a renaissance astronomer challenged the geocentric theory because of his observations but wasn’t able to prove it.

What were essential theories created by Isaac Newton?

Gravity, Calculus, Laws of Motion

What is another name for the enlightenment?

The Age of Reason

Who said that everyone has the right to life, liberty, and property?

John Locke

Who believed in freedom of expression?

Voltaire; advocated for the rights of free speech and expression

Philosopher is a person who _________

Seeks reason

What belief was shared between thinkers of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment?

The belief in reason and evidence as a foundation for understanding.

Who suggested the three branches of government?

Montesquieu

Who proposed the idea of the social contract?

Rosseau

What is a social contract?

The people follow laws/give up freedom in exchange for rights and protection.

What century did the enlightenment take place in?

18th

Where did the Enlightenment take place?

In Europe

What is divine right?

The King recieves his authority from God

Common themes of Enlightenment/SR?

Rationality, questioning, and progress

What did Mary Wollstone advocate for/believe in?

Equal rights for women

Ideas of the Enlightenment inspired who to write what?

Thomas Jefferson, the Declaration of Independence

A _______ was a social gathering used to discuss theories among philosophers and scholars.

salon (coffeehouses also common)

Freedom of ______ was developed during this period.

thought

What idea is accredited to Montesquieu?

The idea of separation of powers/the three branches of government

What did Adam Smith contribute?

He contributed ideas on free markets and capitalism

What did Voltaire believe in?

Freedom of expression

Who believed in Natural rights?

John Locke