calvin cycle
light independent reactions
photorespiration
Instead of taking in CO2 the plant takes in o2 as a substitute this requires the plant to cycle through and give the o2 a carbon which expends much more energy than typically
Autotroph
makes it own food
heterotroph
uses other things as its food (doesn't make its own)
photosynthesis
To create energy for the plant by converting light energy co2 and water into carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugars
high energy electron carriers
Role of NAD(H), NADP(H), and FAD(H)
photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
carbon dioxide, water
_______ is reduced in photosynthesis and ______ is oxidized
role of pigments
Photosynthetic pigments are the molecules responsible for absorbing electromagnetic radiation, transferring the energy of the absorbed photons to the reaction center
thylakoid membrane
location of pigments
light energy
reactants of the light dependent reactions
g3p
products of the light independent reactions
stroma
location of the calvin cycle
18 atp 12 nadph 6 carbons
reactants of the calvin cycle
G3P
products of the calvin cycle
green light
What colors of electromagnetic spectrum are reflected
the splitting of water
photosystem II source of electrons
electron transport chain
photosystem I source of electrons
oxygen and h ions
photosytem II products
atp nadph
photosystem I products
C3
do not have features to combat photorespiration
C4
do minimize photorespiration
cam
plants open their stomata to capture carbon dioxide at night which is chemically stored to be used during the day and turned into glucose
Z scheme
electrons are removed from water (to the left) and then donated to the lower (non‐excited) oxidized form
CO2 , O2
Photosynthesis intakes ____ and photorespiration intakes ____which leads to major energy use
Glucose
what is used by plants for energy and to make other substances like cellulose and starch
chlorophyll
what structure functions by trapping the solar energy and is used for the synthesis of food in all green plants
photosynthesis importance
Produces oxygen which is needed for all of the animals on the planets
granum
stack of thylakoids
grana
multiple stacks of thylakoids
stomata
where carbon dioxide enters a plant