Anatomy II - Heart Valves, Fetal Circulation, and the Autonomic Nervous System

Rib 2

Sternal Angle is located in line with what

Right Sternal Border

Red arrow

Apex of the Heart

4th intercostal space

Nipple located in line with what

2th intercostal space

Aortic valve located in line with what

2th intercostal space

Pulmonary valve located in line with what

4th intercostal space

Tricuspid valve located in line with what

5th intercostal space

Mitral valve located in line with what

Inferior Vena Cava

During fetal circulation, which vessel carries oxygenated maternal blood from umbilical vein to Right Atrium

Foramen Ovale

Fossa Ovalis

Remnant of the Foramen Ovale

Patent Foramen Ovale

Failure of the Foramen Ovale to completely close post-partum

Ductus Arteriosus

Ligamentum Arteriosum

Remnant of the Ductus Arteriosus

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Failure of the Ductus Ateriosus to completely close post-partum

Visceral nervous system

supplies internal organs, glands, smooth muscle, vasculature

Spinal Cord

The cell bodies of the presynaptic neurons are located where

Ganglia

The cell bodies of the postsynaptic neurons are located where

Longer response time with parasympathetic

Difference between responses in Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions

between T1 and L2 Spinal Cord

Preganglionic neurons location

ganglia outside of the spinal cord

Postganglionic neurons location

Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Nerves

Contain postganglionic sympathetic axons to the Heart and Lungs

Bronchodilation

Widening of air passages in the lungs

Vagus Nerve

Nerve involved in Parasympathetic Division

Cardiac Plexus

Bronchoconstriction

Shorting of air passages in the lungs

C8-T5

Dermatomes where Patient perceives pain