U.S. History and Exploration Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the U.S. Constitution and European exploration, including important figures, terms, motivations, and events.

Constitutional Convention

A gathering in Philadelphia in 1787 to create a new constitution for the United States.

James Madison

Often referred to as the 'Father of the Constitution' for his pivotal role in its drafting.

Tenth Amendment

Referred to as 'Reserved Powers,' it defines the balance of power between the federal government and the states.

Preamble

The introduction to the Constitution that states its purposes.

Legislative Branch

Also known as Congress, it is responsible for making laws.

Federalists

Supporters of a strong central government, who were in favor of the new Constitution.

Great Compromise

Established a bicameral legislature with representation based on population in one chamber and equal representation in the other.

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of goods, ideas, and culture between the New World and the Old World following Columbus's voyages.

Mercantilism

An economic theory that suggests countries should accumulate wealth through trade and colonization.

Conquistadors

Spanish explorers and soldiers who established control over vast territories in the Americas.

Hernán Cortés

The Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire.

Francisco Pizarro

The Spanish conquistador known for conquering the Inca Empire.

Age of Exploration

The period from the 15th to the 17th century during which European powers explored and colonized parts of the world.

Vasco de Gama

An explorer known for being the first to reach India by sea, which opened up lucrative trade routes.

Northern Passage

A sought-after route through North America to Asia that was hypothesized to exist.

God, Gold, Glory

Common motivations for European exploration and colonization.

New World

Refers to the Americas in the context of European exploration.

Old World

Term used to describe Europe, Asia, and Africa prior to the discovery of the Americas.

Spanish colonization

The establishment of Spanish control over the Americas, marked by the conquest of indigenous empires.