Family Relationships and Adolescent Development

These flashcards cover key concepts related to family relationships and adolescent development, focusing on family dynamics, parenting styles, peer groups, and their implications for socialization and behavior.

Family Systems Theory

Suggests that relationships in families change dramatically when individual family members or circumstances are changing.

Peak Changes in Family Relationships

Occur around ages 13-14 for boys and 11-12 for girls.

Parent-Adolescent Conflict

Conflicts typically focus on curfews, leisure time, clothing, and room cleanliness.

Authority Struggles

A main source of conflict between parents and adolescents.

Midlife Crisis

A psychological crisis over identity that occurs between ages 35-45.

Occupational Plateau

The point at which adults can predict their likely success in their careers.

Sandwich Generation

Adults who are caring for both children and aging parents.

Familism

A cultural belief that the needs of the family take precedence over individual needs.

Generational Dissonance

When immigrant parents and their American-born adolescents have divergent views.

Parenting Styles

Categories of parenting defined by responsiveness and demandingness.

Authoritative Parenting

Staff Parenting style characterized by warmth, firm control, and encouragement of self-direction.

Authoritarian Parenting

A style that is punitive and obedience-focused, with high demandingness and low responsiveness.

Indulgent Parenting

Parenting characterized by responsiveness but low demandingness, focused on child happiness.

Indifferent Parenting

A style with low responsiveness and low demandingness.

Diathesis-Stress Model

Suggests that disorders arise from the combination of genetic predisposition and stress.

Unhoused Adolescents

Adolescents who are at higher risk for illness, substance abuse, and school disruption.

Adoption Outcomes

Mixed findings regarding psychological differences, dependent on feelings about adoption.

Peer Groups

Groups of individuals of approximately the same age.

Cliques

Small, tightly-knit groups of friends, typically same sex and age.

Crowds

Reputation-based clusters that help shape personal and social identity.

Proactive Aggression

Planned and deliberate aggression.

Reactive Aggression

Unplanned and impulsive aggression.

Cyberbullying

Bullying that occurs online or through cell phones, similar in effects to physical bullying.

Hostile Attribution Bias

The tendency to interpret ambiguous actions as hostile.