RNA polymerase
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Last updated 1:43 AM on 10/5/23
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10 Terms
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Transcription
The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA.
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RNA polymerase
Enzyme responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.
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Eukaryotic RNA polymerases
Three RNA polymerases in eukaryotes responsible for transcribing different nuclear genes.
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RNA polymerase I
Eukaryotic RNA polymerase responsible for transcribing rRNA genes in the nucleolus.
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RNA polymerase II
Eukaryotic RNA polymerase responsible for transcribing protein-encoding genes.
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RNA polymerase III
Eukaryotic RNA polymerase responsible for transcribing tRNA genes.
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Archaeal RNA polymerases
RNA polymerase found in archaea, similar to eukaryotic RNA polymerase II.
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Bacterial RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase found in bacteria, consisting of five subunits.
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Sigma factor
Subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase that associates with the core enzyme to form the holoenzyme and guides it to specific promoters to initiate transcription.
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Promoters
Specific DNA sequences that RNA polymerase recognizes and binds to in order to initiate transcription.
