Eye Anatomy and Problems

Flashcards about Rod and Cone cells, Eye Problems, and Short and Long Sightedness

What is the function of rod cells?

Rod cells detect differences in light intensity and work best in dim light, allowing us to see in black and white.

What is the function of cone cells?

Cone cells are receptor cells that work best for colour vision, functioning in bright light.

What are the three types of cone cells?

Red, green, and blue.

How does the brain receive visual information from the eye?

Cone and rod receptor cells send an impulse along a sensory neuron in the optic nerve to the cerebral hemispheres in the brain.

What are cataracts?

Cataracts occur when a protein builds up inside the lens, making it cloudy.

What increases the risk of developing cataracts?

UV light.

How can cataracts be cured?

By an operation replacing the lens with a plastic one.

What causes color blindness?

Some cone cells do not work, making it difficult to see some colors.

What is the most common type of color blindness?

Red-green color blindness, where the cones detecting green do not work, making it difficult to see reds, greens, and browns.

What is the normal sighted vision process?

The cornea and lens refract (bend) the light rays so that the light rays come together onto the retina.

What causes short sightedness?

The light rays come together in front of the retina, making it difficult to see distant objects.

What causes long sightedness?

The light rays come together behind the retina, making it difficult to see close objects.