Stoichiometry

words for particles

atoms and formula units

mole-particle problems

multiply by avogadros number

how many particles in one mole

6.022 × 10²³

mole-volume problems

multiply by 22.7, using liters

how much volume in one mole at STP

22.7 liters

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

where temp is at 0C, pressure is 1 atm, and 1 mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.7 liters

mole-mass problems

multiply by molar mass, in g/mol

mass-mass problems

convert given mass to moles by dividing by its molar mass, set up an equation containing using the mole ratio and multiply by molar mass of unknown mass

another name for limiting reactant

limiting reagent

a reaction stops when this happens

the limiting reactant is completely used up

finding percentage yield

divide actual yield by theoretical yield, multiply that 100