Pediatric assessment Exam I

How are high risk pregnancies identified?

• maternal history

• prenatal care

• placental abnormalities

• clinical conditions

What are some risk factors in pregnancy?

• maternal age

• hypertension

• diabetes

• infections

• substance use

What is amniocentesis and when is it done?

Its is used to assess fetal lung maturity and done 16-18 weeks

Chronic conditions like asthma, anemia, hypertension, cardiac disease, thyroid disorders, and autoimmune disease pose what risk for labor?

they can compromise fetal oxygenation and increase the risk for preterm labor

What complications can be experienced by women under 18 and over 35

• preclampsia

• poor fetal growth

• placental disorder

Placental previa or placental abruption cause ?

They can severly restrict blood and oxygen supply to the fetus leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal hypoxia, anemia, or even death.

What is TPAL

Helps determine obstetric riskk. (Term, Preterm, Abortions, Living)

What are the 5 stages of fetal development?

embryonic

pseudoglandular

canalicular

saccular

alveolar

What are the 3 elements of PAT

• Appearance

• Work of Breathing

• Circulation to skin

What are physical signs of work of breathing in an infant?

• nasal flaring

• grunting

• retractions

• head bobbing

What does ABCDE stand for?

Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure

What does a bulging fontanelle signify

increased intercranial pressure

What does SAMPLE stand for?

signs/symptoms

allergies

medications

past medical history

last meal

events leading to present

What are signs of respiratory distress?

• tachypnea

• retractions (preserved consciousness and oxygenation)

• nasal flaring

• normal LOC

• good air entry

What are signs of respiratory failure?

• bradypnea

• poor air entry

• cyanosis

• altered LOC

• ABG changes

• fialure to oxygenate despite CPAP/therapy