Exam 1 Added Info

What is an Information System?

An interrelated set of components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information.

Competitive Advantage

The ability to generate more sales and achieve superior profit margins through cost leadership, differentiation, or focus.

Leavitt’s Diamond Model

A framework used to introduce new information systems aiming to reduce stress, enhance teamwork, and improve implementation.

Personal Information System

An information system that improves the productivity of individual users for stand-alone tasks.

Strategic Planning

A managerial process to identify initiatives and projects aligned with organizational objectives.

Chief Information Officer (CIO)

The executive responsible for achieving organizational goals using the resources of the information systems department.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Temporary volatile storage used for data and program execution.

Cache Memory

High-speed memory that processors can access more quickly than main memory.

Thin Clients

Low-cost, centrally managed computers with no internal or external drives for data storage.

Server

A computer that supports multiple users performing specific tasks.

IP Address

A unique identifier for computers, typically expressed as a 32-bit number.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A secure connection between two internet points, encapsulating traffic using IP packets.

Phishing

A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity in electronic communication.

Malware

Malicious software designed to harm or exploit any programmable device or network.

Encryption

The process of converting plaintext into ciphertext to restrict access to authorized parties only.

Asymmetric Algorithms

Encryption methods that use a pair of keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption.

Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

An extra layer of security requiring not just a password and username but also something that only the user has.