Network+ Final

Type 2 hypervisor

A hypervisor installed on top of an operating system.

SNMP

The underlying protocol that enables network monitoring tools to work.

Virtual routers

Technologies that let us dynamically reconfigure networks.

Virtual machine

An environment created by virtualization that imitates a physical machine.

Differentiated services (DiffServ)

A concept administrators must understand for QoS in medianets.

Platform as a service (PaaS)

A cloud service provider that gives programmers a complete deployment and management system.

Orchestration

A technology that combines automated processes into pipelines or workflows.

White hat hacker

An individual who examines infrastructure to find vulnerabilities and reports findings.

On-premises data center

A dedicated data center located at a company site.

Host

The machine that runs multiple operating systems simultaneously in virtualization.

10

The value of the ECN field that indicates “QoS aware

A group of organizations with similar goals or needs

The entities that pay for and run community clouds.

Host-to-host VPN

A VPN that deals with a specific single connection between two machines.

Pennies

The cost for a fraction of resources of a huge server in cloud computing.

Virtualization

Running software on a computer to create an environment that imitates a physical machine.

Nmap

A tool that is a port scanner.

Rootkit

A type of malware that hides itself using low-level OS functions.

Connection-oriented

A communication process where two computers acknowledge each other before communication.

Software as a service (SaaS)

The service considered to be at the top of the service-layer cake.

Brute force

An attack where a threat agent guesses every permutation of some part of data.

Distribution layer

The layer in Cisco’s three-tiered architecture that connects the data center to users.

Optical time domain reflectometer

A tool used to identify the location of a cable break in a fiber cable.

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

The service considered to be the bottom of the service-layer cake.

Sensor

An industrial control system (ICS) device that monitors characteristics like temperature.

SSL portal

A type of VPN where the client Web browser runs an active control like Java.

Extranet

A network created when authorized remote users access part of a private network.

Signal strength

A measurement of how well a wireless device is connecting to other devices.

Nondisclosure agreement (NDA)

A legal document that prohibits disclosing company secrets.

Metasploit

The go-to tool for penetration testing.

Virtual private network (VPN)

A network created using encrypted tunnels between a computer and a private network.

Industrial control system (ICS)

The system that SCADA is a subset of.

Certifier

A tool that tests a cable to ensure it can handle its rated capacity.

Trojan

A type of malware that pretends to do one thing while doing something evil.

The MAC address

The BSSID in a WAP infrastructure mode network.

Data center

A networked group of servers in a dedicated space providing data storage and services.

Host.domain.root

The correct sequence for writing a fully qualified domain name (FQDN).

Network operations center (NOC)

The component that houses network engineers and technicians.

Dig

A command used on macOS

DSL Access Multiplexer (DSLAM)

A DSL provider device that connects multiple customers to the Internet.

1 through 11

The channels defined by the 802.11 standard for the 2.4-GHz band in the U.S.

Mean time between failures

The term representing the manufacturer’s best guess for time between major failures.

Automation

Using code to set up and maintain systems in a consistent manner.

7

The number of layers in the OSI model.

Threat

Any form of potential attack against your network.

Channel

A portion of the available spectrum for Wi-Fi network communication.

Trunk port

A port on a switch configured to carry all traffic

Zombie

A single computer under the control of an operator.

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)

The most common block cipher used today.

IPsec

The protocol suite L2TP generally uses for security.

Fast Ethernet

The term referring to the 100-Mbps Ethernet standards.

Pathping

A Microsoft utility that combines ping and tracert functions.

00

The default value of the ECN field indicating “not QoS aware.”

Host-to-site

A VPN connection where a single computer logs into a remote network.

Desktop as a service (DaaS)

A service model that enables moving user workstations into the cloud.

Storage area network

A network that connects individual systems to centralized mass storage.

Type 1 hypervisor

A hypervisor installed in lieu of an operating system.

Extended service set (ESS)

A unit formed by multiple WAPs servicing a larger area.

FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

The universal MAC address for broadcast.

Certificate

Required for an HTTPS connection.

Hot site

A secondary location that is a complete duplicate of the primary site.

Demarcation point (demarc)

The physical location where connections come in from the outside world.

Response

The core function sent by an SNMP agent after a manager query.

Set

The protocol data unit (PDU) used by an NMS to make changes to an agent.

Fibre Channel (FC)

An infrastructure designed for high-performance storage.

Open ports

The ports malicious users probe to identify vulnerabilities.

Identify the problem

The first step in the troubleshooting process.

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

The cloud service model provided by AWS.

Ping works with the IP address but not the name

A confirmation of a DNS problem.

Assessment

A report that provides a picture of the current state of a data center and recommendations.

Basic service set (BSS)

A unit formed by a single WAP servicing a given area.

Bridge

A software connection that passes traffic from a real NIC to a virtual one.

Clustering

Connecting multiple pieces of equipment to appear as one logical device.

Network controller

The program that dictates traffic movement in SDN.

Wireshark

An open-source protocol analyzer.

Agents

Software run by managed devices.

5060 and 5061

The TCP ports used by SIP for VoIP systems.

DOCSIS

The protocol used between the headend connection and the cable company’s network.

Multitenancy

The ability to support multiple customers on the same infrastructure.

Telecommunications room

horizontal cabling

Six

The number of classes of service (CoS) in DiffServ.

Subscriptions

What SaaS providers generally charge for.

Virtual local area network (VLAN)

A network that segments a physical network without additional hardware.

161 and 162

The UDP ports SNMP uses for unsecure communication.

North-south

Traffic that moves into and out of the data center.

Hardware underutilization

A term describing a server not being used near its capability.

802.11n

A Wi-Fi standard offering speeds up to 100 Mbps and operating in 2.4-GHz and 5.0-GHz frequencies.

Heroku

One of the earliest PaaS providers.

Security policy

A written document defining how an organization protects its IT infrastructure.

SIP and RTP

Protocols used for transmission in unified communication.

Bandwidth

The ability of one connection to handle more data than others.

PPTP and L2TP

Tunneling protocols.

Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

A cable type that suffers from electromagnetic interference (EMI).

Acceptable use policy

A document that outlines acceptable use of company resources.

Time domain reflectometer

A tool used to identify the location of a cable break in a copper cable.

East-west

Traffic that moves between systems within the data center.

Greater maximum distance

An advantage of fiber-optic cabling.

Top talker

A system with very high network output.

Bottleneck

A spot where traffic causes latency.

Nslookup

A command used to diagnose DNS problems on a Windows computer.

Actuator

An ICS device that makes changes to modify characteristics like temperature.