Staining Powerpoint

contrast, resolution

stains (dyes) increase _________ and _________

simple stain, complex stain

What are the 2 overall types of stains?

one

How many dyes are used in a simple stain?

more than one

How many dyes are used in a complex stain?

acidic, basic

dyes are either _______ or ________

negative

What charge do acidic dyes have?

positive

What charge do basic dyes have?

help trap the dye to its target

What do mordants do?

slightly negative

What is the charge of a cell’s cytoplasm?

cell’s cytoplasm

What do basic dyes bind to?

crystal violet, malachite green, carbolfuschin, safranin, methylene blue

What are 5 examples of basic dyes?

slightly positive

What is the charge of a cell’s exterior?

cell’s exterior

What do acidic dyes bind to?

nigrosin, india ink, eosin, congo red

What are 4 examples of acidic dyes?

heat, iodine

What are 2 common mordant examples?

differential stains

What is another name for complex stains?

gram stain, acid-fast stain, capsule stain, endospore stain

What are 4 types of differential stains?

gram+ vs. gram-

What is the goal of a gram stain?

mycolic acid vs. no mycolic acid

What is the goal of an acid-fast stain?

identify any capsules

What is the goal of a capsule stain?

find endospores inside vegetative cells

What is the goal of an endospore stain

crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, safranin

What is the primary dye, mordant, decolorizer, and secondary dye of the gram stain?

carbolfuschin, heat, acid alcohol, methylene blue

What is the primary dye, mordant, decolorizer, and secondary dye of the acid-fast stain?

congo red, none, none, acid-fuchsin

What is the primary dye, mordant, decolorizer, and secondary dye of the capsule stain?

malachite green, heat, water, safranin

What is the primary dye, mordant, decolorizer, and secondary dye of the endospore stain?

purple

What color are gram+ cells stained?

pink

What color are gram- cells stained?

carbolfuschin

What labels acid-fast microbes?

methylene blue

What labels non-acid-fast microbes?

malachite green

What labels endospores?

safranin

What labels vegetative cells?

capsule stain

What is the only differential stain that uses both a basic and an acidic stain?