OCHEM Functional Groups and Common Naming

alkane

general carbon bond

alkene

carbon-carbon double bond

alkyne

carbon-carbon triple bond

arene (aromantic)

carbon ring with alternating double bonds

alkyl halide

carbon bonded to a halogen

ether

carbon - oxygen - carbon

alcohol

molecule with OH

amine

carbon to nitrogen bond

nitrile

carbon triple bonded to nitrogen

sulfide

carbon - sulfur - carbon

thiol

molecule with SH

aldehyde

carbonyl with O = C - H

ketone

carbonyl with double bonded oxygen between two carbons

carboxylic acid

COOH group (carbonyl)

amide

carbonyl with nitrogen bonded to C

acid halide

carbonyl with halogen bonded to C

ester

carbonyl with C - O - C

thioester

carbonyl with C - S bond

imine

nitrogen double bond to C

acid anhydride

two carbonyl groups attached with an oxygen

isopropyl

isobutyl

isopentyl

neopentyl

sec-butyl

tert-butyl

tert-pentyl