ALTERATION OF CELL GROWTH

ALTERATION OF CELL GROWTH

• Changes in the number and size of cells, their differentiation, and their arrangement in response to physiologic stimuli

growth/nourishment

-trophy is

ATROPHY

• Refers to a reduction in the size of cells in an organ or tissue, with a  corresponding decrease in function

HYPERTROPHY

• Refers to an increase in the size of the cells of a tissue

multiply, myocardial, peripheral striated muscle

In HYPERTROPHY, it occurs most often in cells that cannot (blank), especially those in (blank) and (blank)

HYPOPLASIA

incomplete development or underdevelopment of an organ or tissue

Congenital

Hypoplasia is congenital/hereditary

development, formation

plas/o

APLASIA

• Also means that a basic structure began forming and then stopped 

HYPERPLASIA

Increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ

Hemolytic anemia

• anemia caused by premature destruction of red blood cells (RBCs).

• an example of HYPERPLASIA

DYSPLASIA

Loss in the uniformity of individual cells and their architectural orientation

DYSPLASIA

It is typically associated with prolonged chronic irritation or inflammation.

METAPLAYSIA

Replacement of one mature cell type by another mature cell type

new growth

NEOPLASIA is a Latin word for

NEOPLASIA

• Refers to an abnormal proliferation of cells that are no longer controlled by the factors that govern the growth of normal cells 

NEOPLASIA

Acts as parasites, competing with normal cells and tissues for their metabolic needs.

Benign, Malignant

2 MAIN CATEGORIES OF NEOPLASIA

Benign

Tumors, which closely resemble their cells of origin in structure and function

Benign

Remain localized, without spreading to others, and thus can usually be surgically removed with resultant survival of the patient

Malignant

Invade and destroy adjacent structures and spread to distant sites causin death

METASTASIZE

is for cancer cells to break away from the original (primary) tumor, travel through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and spread to other parts of the body to form new, secondary tumors