Static charges: Electricity: Physics: GCSE (9:1)

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16 Terms

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Charge

A property of matter that causes a non-contact force to be exerted when two charged objects are brought together

<p>A property of matter that causes a non-contact force to be exerted when two charged objects are brought together</p>
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Two types of charge

Positive and negative

<p>Positive and negative</p>
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Like charges

Repel each other

<p>Repel each other</p>
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Opposite charges

Attract each other

<p>Attract each other</p>
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Charge on an atom

Atoms are neutral because they contain equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles

<p>Atoms are neutral because they contain equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles</p>
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Charge on a proton

A proton carries a positive charge (+1)

<p>A proton carries a positive charge (+1)</p>
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Charge on a neutron

A neutron carries no charge

<p>A neutron carries no charge</p>
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Charge on an electron

An electron carries a negative charge (–1)

<p>An electron carries a negative charge (–1)</p>
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Ion

An atom (or molecule) with an overall electric charge due to losing or gaining one or more electrons

<p>An atom (or molecule) with an overall electric charge due to losing or gaining one or more electrons</p>
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Positively charged ion

An atom (or molecule) that has lost one or more electron

<p>An atom (or molecule) that has lost one or more electron</p>
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Negatively charged ion

An atom (or molecule) that has gained one or more electron

<p>An atom (or molecule) that has gained one or more electron</p>
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Static electricity

A build up of electric charge on an insulated object due to friction or induction

<p>A build up of electric charge on an insulated object due to friction or induction</p>
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Insulator

A material that does not allow charge or heat to easily pass through it

<p>A material that does not allow charge or heat to easily pass through it</p>
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Charging by friction

When certain insulating materials are rubbed against each other and become electrically charged; negatively charged electrons are rubbed off one material and on to the other

<p>When certain insulating materials are rubbed against each other and become electrically charged; negatively charged electrons are rubbed off one material and on to the other</p>
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How a material becomes negatively charged

It gains electrons

<p>It gains electrons</p>
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How a material becomes positively charged

It loses electrons

<p>It loses electrons </p>