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Action completed in the past
Preterit
Ongoing action in the past
Imperfect
Something would happen
Conditional
Something will happen
Future
ending (after dropping the -AR on verbs)
-é (Yo)(I)
-aste (Tú)(You)
-ó (Él, ella)(He,she,it)
-amos (Nostoros)(We)
-aron (Ell@s)(They)
Preterite (Competed actions in past)
ending (after dropping the -IR/-ER on verbs)
-í (Yo)(I)
-iste (Tú)(You)
-ió (Él,ella)(He,she,it)
-imos (Nostoros)(We)
-ieron (Ellos)(They)
Preterite (Competed actions in the past)
ending (after dropping the -AR on verbs)
-aba (Yo)(I)
-abas (Tú)(You)
-aba (Él, ella)(He,she,it)
-ábamos (Nostoros)(We)
-aban (Ell@s)(They)
imperfect (ongoing actions in past)
ending (after dropping the -IR/-ER on verbs)
-ía (Yo)(I)
-ías (Tú)(You)
-ía (Él,ella)(He,she,it)
-íamos (Nostoros)(We)
-ían (Ell@s)(They)
imperfect (ongoing actions in past)
ending (after keeping ending (-ar,-ir,-er) on all verbs)
-ía (Yo)(I)
-ías (Tú)(You)
-ía (Él, ella)(He,she,it)
-íamos (Nostoros)(We)
-ían (Ell@s)(They)
Conditional (would tense)
ending (after keeping ending (-ar,-ir,-er) on all verbs)
-é (Yo)(I)
-ás (Tú)(You)
-á (Él,ella)(He,she,it)
-emos (Nostoros)(We)
-án (Ell@s)(They)
Future (will tense)
Specific time, repetitions or time limit of an action in the past.
Preterit
ser/ir fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron
dar di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron
venir vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron
tener tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron
hacer hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron
poner puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron
estar estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron
querer quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos,quisisteis, quisieron
poder pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron
saber supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron
decir dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron
traer traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron
andar anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, anduvisteis, anduvieron
caber cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, cupisteis, cupieron
traducir traduje, tradujiste, tradujo, tradujimos, tradujisteis, tradujeron
Preterit irregulars
Change e and o vowel in the stem to i and u
only in -ir verbs
only in ella/el and ellos/ellas form
only change to one letter in the “sandal”.
Ex. dormí, dormiste, durmió, dormimos, durmieron
Ex. 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟í, 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒, 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑖ó, 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠, 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑛
preterit stem changers
“CAR” verbs: Change from “c” to “qu” in the “yo” form (the rest follow the regular rules)
Ex. toqué, tocaste, tocó, tocamos, tocaron
“GAR” verbs: Change from “g” to “gu” in the “yo” form (the rest follow the regular rules)
Ex. llegué, llegaste, llegó, llegamos, llegaron
“ZAR” verbs: Change from “z” to “c” in the “yo” form (the rest follow the regular rules)
Ex. empecé, empezaste, empezó, empezamos, empezaron
preterit spelling changes
ir iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, ibais, iban
ser era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran -aba
verveía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían
imperfect irregulars