Cell Biology Lecture Review

Flashcards covering cell transport, membrane permeability, receptor regulation, and cell division (mitosis and meiosis) including their phases.

Active transport

Movement that requires energy (ATP).

Simple diffusion

Movement that requires no energy.

Facilitated diffusion

Movement that requires help but no energy.

Lipid soluble substances

Can go right into the cell.

Water soluble substances

Cannot come into the cell until 'doors open'.

Down regulation

Process that gets rid of receptors because there is too much of a substance.

Up regulation

The process of increasing the number of receptors.

Mitosis

Cell division where cells remain alive and become an organism (e.g., zygote to baby).

Egg

A haploid cell.

Zygote

A diploid cell.

Haploid

Refers to a cell (like an egg) containing a single set of chromosomes.

Diploid

Refers to a cell (like a zygote) containing two sets of chromosomes.

Meiosis

The process of cell division that produces haploid sex cells (e.g., eggs).

PMAT

An acronym representing the phases of mitosis: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Prophase

The initial stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense.

Metaphase

The stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up.

Anaphase

The stage of mitosis where chromosomes are pulled apart.

Telophase

The final stage of mitosis before the cell splits.

Cleavage furrow

The indentation that forms as a cell prepares to split at the end of telophase.