Therapeutic Drug Monitoring MOD5

Flashcards summarizing key concepts and vocabulary related to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)

The measurement of drugs and/or their metabolites in blood to maintain therapeutic benefits.

Therapeutic range

The dose (or concentration) range of a drug within which it produces the desired therapeutic effect.

Pharmacokinetics

The study of the movement of drugs in the body, establishing a quantitative relationship between dose and effect.

Half-life (t1/2)

The time required for the serum concentration of a drug to decline by 50%.

Peak concentration

The maximum drug concentration reached after dosage.

Trough concentration

The minimum drug concentration reached after dosage.

Steady state

The point at which the total amount of drug in the body does not change over multiple dosing intervals.

Bioavailability

The fraction of the administered dose that eventually reaches its site of action.

First-pass effect

A phenomenon in which a drug is metabolized in the liver, resulting in a reduced concentration before reaching the systemic circulation.

Aminoglycosides

Antibiotics used to treat gram-negative bacterial infections that are resistant to other less-toxic antibiotics.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

A class of drugs used to treat depression, insomnia, and loss of libido.

Cyclosporine

An immunosuppressive agent used to prevent graft-versus-host rejection of transplanted organs.

Metabolite

A substance produced during the metabolism of a drug, which may have therapeutic or toxic effects.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

The rate at which blood is filtered through the kidneys, affecting drug elimination.

Elimination rate

The rate at which a drug is removed from the body, often related to concentration and organ function.