5. The Executive

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30 Terms

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Formal Executive
Ceremonial roles, including head of state.
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Political Executive
Elected officials, including PM and Premiers.
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Head of State
Crown's representative with prerogative authority.
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Prerogative Authority
Powers not granted to political executives.
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Governor General (GG)
Monarch's representative in Canada.
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Non-partisan Office
GG's role is constitutionally non-partisan.
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Responsible Government
GG acts as backstop for political accountability.
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Prorogation
Terminating parliamentary business without dissolution.
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Dissolution
Ends Parliament, followed by an election.
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King-Byng Affair
1925-6 incident highlighting GG's role.
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Prorogation Crisis
2008-9 event involving Harper and GG Jean.
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Alberta Sovereignty Act
Gives Alberta power to challenge federal laws.
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Cabinet
Advisory council to the GG, includes ministers.
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Minister of the Crown
Political head of a government ministry.
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Regional Minister
Minister responsible for a geographic area.
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Ministerial Responsibility
Accountability of ministers for departmental actions.
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Collective Ministerial Responsibility
Cabinet functions as a unified team.
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Individual Ministerial Responsibility
Ministers accountable for their department's staff.
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Cabinetmaking
Considerations for forming a cabinet.
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Cabinet Committees
Subgroups making recommendations to full cabinet.
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First Ministers
Heads of government at federal and provincial levels.
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Prime Minister's Office (PMO)
Expanded office managing PM's administrative tasks.
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Privy Council Office (PCO)
Coordinates federal government policy implementation.
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Prime Ministerial Government
Shift towards centralized power in PM's office.
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Permanent Campaign
Governments named after their leaders.
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Deputy Ministers
Top civil servants managing government ministries.
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Central Agencies
Includes PMO, PCO, and Treasury Board Secretariat.
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Treasury Board Secretariat
Supports government spending and human resources.
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Shadow Cabinet
Opposition members holding ministers accountable.
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Critic
Opposition member scrutinizing a specific minister.