ap euro id quiz #1

100 years war

Between france and england from 1337 to 1453. England had success because of long bow

Feudalism

Rulers granted land to nobles on exchange for loyalty and military protection

Black death

Plague in Europe during middle ages

Joan of Arc

Teenage peasant who led French army to many victories. Canonized Catholic Saint and was martyrd

Avignon Papacy

7 popes ruled in Avignon France

Great Schism

39 year split in the Church because of avingon move

War of roses

Series of English civil wars

Giovanni Boccaccio

Wrote Decammeron

Italian city states

Urban centers whose wrath fuled Italian Renaissance

Renaissance

European rebirth

Humanism

Education of a cultivated human being

Civic humanism

Being more of a participant in day to day life

Secularism

Concerned with material world rather than religion

Patronage

Support given by Church and rulers to artists, writers, and scholars

Medici family

Powerful banking Italian family

Leonardo da Vinci

Italian artist. Painted Mona Lisa and Last Supper

Michelangelo

Italian artist. Statue of David and Sistene Chapel

The Prince

Written by Machiavelli about how rulers should be

Niccolo Machiavellia

Wrote the prince. Do whatever to gain and hold power

Perspective

Art showing death and realism

Individualism

Independence of each human over a group/government

Christan humanism

Learning and textual scholarship to push for reform in church

Desiderius Erasmus

Highly influential dutch scholar and Catholic priest wrote in praise of folly

In praise of folly

Satirical masterpiece by Desideruis Erasmus

Thomas More

Exercised by Henry the 8th since he would declare Henry head of church. He was high chancellor

Utopia

Book written by thomas more about a perfect island

Johannes Gutenberg

Inventor of the printing press. From Germany

Printing press

Allowed information to be spread

Vernacular literature

Writing in everyday spoken language

William Shakespeare

English poet. Wrote romeo and juliet

Albrecht Durer

Turned printmaking into an art form. Apocolapse series

Jan van Eyck

Artist known for oil paint

Religious reform

Fixing corruption in church

Pieter the Elder

Dutch artist. Hunters in the snow

Prince Henry the navigator

Portuguese royal patron. Funded/organized expedition on African coast

Caravel

Small, fast, sailing ship developed by Portuguese in 15th century

Astrolabe

Instrument used to measure altitude of sun and starts to calculate latitude

Christopher columbus

1492, Spanish, he discovered west indies

Vasco da Gama

1497-1498, Portuguese, sailed to India and back

Ferdinand Magellan

First to sail around the world, from Spain, 1519-21

Treaty of Tordesillas

Split non European world between Spain and portugal

Columbian exchange

Goods and disease going between Europe and America's

Commercial colonialism

European states established overseas territories to extract wealth

Encomienda system

Spanish system landowner leagle right to force native people to work

Atlantic slave trade

Slahes came from east Africa and went to Americas

Triangular trade

Trade between Africa ,North America, and Europe

Mercantilism

The extraction of colonies to beifit home country

Commerical revolution

Economic shift from local economy to global economy

Capitalism

Profit drivej money based market

Medici Bank

Founded in 1397 by Giovanni de Medici

Joint-stock company

Business owned my multiple investors

Stock exchange

Buying/selling ownership in companies

Martin Luther

Former priest. Critized the church and started Lutheran chuch

95 theses

Written by luther to pope. Critized indulgences and Papal athority

Indulgence

Frais sold them to release souls from purgatory

Justification by faith

Belief from Martin Luther, that you are saved by faith alone

Solar scriptura

Scripture alone hold authority

Habsburgs

Dominate royal family in Europe

Charles V

King of holy Roman empire

Diet of worms

Luther defends his doctorine before Charles v

Peace of Augsburg

1555 agreement. Ended war between holy Roman empire and Lutheran schematic League

John Calvin

Started calvanism

Predestination

John Calvin's doctorine. God already decided who will be saved.

Calvinism

Protestant branch founded by John Calvin

Henry viii

Former kind of england. Started Anglican church

Act of supremacy

Declared Henry head of Church of england

Anabaptists

Rejected infant baptism, separation of church and state. Protestant denomination

Council of Trent

Meeting of Catholic leaders to fix church corruption

Counter reformation

Pushed back against reformation. Re instated Catholic teaching

Jesuits

Beloved you need to educate people and preists. Started schools

Ingnatuis of Loyola

Fonded by society of Jesus also known as Jesuits

Catholic missions

Tried to spread catholic doctrine globaly and reclaim lost Europeans

Inquisition

Centralized Church Court established by Pope Paul iii

Index of prohibeted books

List of publications banned during Catholic reformation

Baroque art

Tense, stylized, and dramatic art form

Teresa of Avila

Nin who reformed carmilete order