Cavite Mutiny and Filipino Nationalism: Key Events and Perspectives

What significant event occurred in 1872 that contributed to Filipino nationalism?

The Cavite Mutiny

Who were the three martyr priests associated with the Cavite Mutiny?

Fathers Mariano Gomes, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA)

What was the impact of the execution of GOMBURZA on Filipino nationalism?

It was a major factor in awakening nationalism among Filipinos.

What is the definition of nationalism as discussed in the module?

The love towards one's own country, important for its progress.

What year is celebrated as the Philippines' Independence Day?

June 12, 1898

What significant event occurred in 1896 related to Filipino nationalism?

The outbreak of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule.

What perspective did Jose Montero y Vidal provide about the Cavite Mutiny?

He documented it as an attempt by the Indios to overthrow the Spanish government.

How did Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo characterize the Cavite Mutiny?

He magnified it and implicated the native clergy in the rebellion.

What were some reasons cited for the Cavite Mutiny according to Spanish accounts?

Abolition of privileges, Spanish Revolution, and the influence of liberal ideas.

What role did the native clergy play in the Cavite Mutiny according to Izquierdo?

They conspired and supported the rebels against the Spanish authorities.

What was the alleged signal for the attack during the Cavite Mutiny?

The firing of rockets from the walls of Intramuros.

What event triggered the attack by the 200-men contingent led by Sergeant Lamadrid?

The mistaken interpretation of fireworks during the feast of the Virgin of Loreto.

What did Izquierdo report about the motivations of the rebels?

He claimed they were enticed by promises of rewards and divine support.

What was the general sentiment towards the Indios expressed by Izquierdo?

He described them as gullible and prone to stealing.

What was the significance of the year 1872 in the context of Philippine history?

It marked the Cavite Mutiny and the martyrdom of GOMBURZA, pivotal for nationalism.

What are some ways Filipinos can express nationalism today?

Examples may include volunteering, supporting local businesses, and participating in community service.

What historical context led to the Cavite Mutiny?

The desire for freedom from Spanish colonial abuses and the influence of revolutionary ideas.

What was the reaction of the Spanish authorities to the Cavite Mutiny?

They viewed it as a conspiracy and responded with severe repression.

Why is it important for Filipinos to understand the different accounts of the Cavite Mutiny?

To appreciate the complexity of historical events and their impact on nationalism.

What does the module encourage students to do regarding historical events?

Examine their significance and appreciate the bravery of those involved.

What was the Cavite Mutiny?

A revolt by Filipino soldiers and laborers at the Cavite arsenal due to dissatisfaction with the abolition of their privileges.

Who ordered the reinforcement of Spanish forces in Cavite to quell the revolt?

Governor General Rafael Izquierdo.

What happened to the GOMBURZA after the Cavite Mutiny?

They were tried by a court-martial and executed by strangulation.

What was the significance of the GOMBURZA's execution?

It became a tragic event that fueled Filipino nationalism.

Who was Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera?

A Filipino scholar who wrote a version of the Cavite incident, viewing it as a mutiny rather than a conspiracy.

What did Tavera attribute the mutiny to?

The cold-blooded policies of Gov. Izquierdo, including the abolition of privileges and prohibition of educational institutions for Filipinos.

What was the outcome of the mutiny after Spanish reinforcements arrived?

The mutiny was officially declared subdued after two days.

How did the Spanish friars and Gov. Izquierdo portray the Cavite Mutiny?

As a vast conspiracy to overthrow Spanish rule involving the native army and clergy.

What educational reform was welcomed by the Central Government of Spain?

An educational decree authored by Segismundo Moret promoting the establishment of the Philippine Institute.

What was the purpose of the Philippine Institute?

To improve the standard of education in the Philippines by requiring competitive examinations for teaching positions.

What was the fate of educated men involved in the mutiny?

They were sentenced to life imprisonment.

What was the role of the GOMBURZA in the context of the Cavite Mutiny?

They were martyr priests whose execution highlighted the struggle against Spanish oppression.

What did the friars fear after the educational reforms were proposed?

They feared losing their influence in the Philippines.

Who was Sergeant Lamadrid?

The leader of the mutiny who led the assault on the commanding officer and Spanish officers.

What did the French writer Edmund Plauchut confirm about the Cavite Mutiny?

He confirmed that the event stemmed from discontent among arsenal workers and soldiers.

What was the long-term impact of the Cavite Mutiny on Philippine history?

It contributed to the awakening of nationalism and the eventual outbreak of the Philippine Revolution in 1896.

What was the reaction of the Madrid government to the reports of the mutiny?

They believed the exaggerated claims of a conspiracy without investigating the actual events.

What was one of the main grievances of the mutineers?

The abolition of their privileges and dissatisfaction with the treatment by Spanish authorities.

What was the response of the Spanish government to the mutiny?

They reinforced troops in Cavite and quickly suppressed the uprising.

What did the execution of the GOMBURZA symbolize for Filipinos?

It symbolized martyrdom and resistance against colonial oppression.