21st Century No. 1

letter

Literature Latin word “littera”, which means _____

littera

Literature Latin word “_____”, which means letter

• Alibata

• Baybayin

• American Letters

Literature; Letters

letters

is the foundation of Literature

Oral Literature

can be passed down from generation-to-generation

1. Preserves Culture and Traditions

2. Teaches Values and Morals

3. Develops Critical Thinking

4. Reflects Society and History

Importance of Literature

Amador T. Daguio

The Wedding Dance is made by

Carlos Bulosan

My Father Goes to Court is made by

• Pre-Colonial Period

• Spanish Colonization Period

• American Period

• Japanese Period

• Post War & Contemporary Period

Philippine Literary Periods

• Folktales

• Legend (Alamat)

• Myths

• Epic

• Fables

• Proverbs (Salawikain)

• Riddles (Bugtong)

• Folk Songs

• Pamahiin/Supersition

Pre-Colonial literatures:

Folktales

-A fictional story told by an ancient group of people

- Characteristically anonymous, timeless, and places, the tale circulated orally

- Emphasize certain virtues, and some serve as a warning about behavior.

Legend (Alamat)

tory explaining the origins of matters - Presented as history,but is unlikely to be true

Myths

- The story of Gods and Goddesses used to explain mysteries, beliefs, and cultural practices.

- The beginning of the world.

• Bathala

• Amansinayan

• Amihan

• Ulilang Kaluluwa

• Galang Kaluluwa

3 Primordial Goddesses (myth)

Epic

-Long narrative Poem (Stanzas and Lines)

- Celebrates the adventures and achievement of a hero

-Philippine epics are sang or chanted in episodes

Biag ni Lam-ang

example of epic

Fables

-Features animal characters/inanimate objects

- Intended to teach human values with animal major characters

Proverbs (Salawikain)

Tradional sayings hat teach wisdom and values

Riddles (Bugtong)

These are word puzzles that test a person’s wit and imagination

Folk Songs

These are traditional songs passed down from generation o generation and reflect the culture.

Pamahiin/Supersition

It is a widely held but unjustified belief in supernatural causation leading to certain consequences

1565-1898

Spanish Colonial Period started and ended (year)

1849

spanish Surname is introduced in what year

Governor-General Narciso Clavería

Spanish Surname was introduced by?

Catálogo Alfabético de Apellidos

List of Spanish Surnames is called?

• Universidad de San Ignacio

• University of San Carlos

• Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario/University of Santo Tomas

Spanish Universities

(1590)

(1595)

(1611)

St. Ignatius of Loyola

Universidad de San Ignacio was created by the Jesuits (and the founder of Jesuits is who?)

St. Thomas Aquinas

University of Santo Tomas is named after?

• Christianity

• Morality

• Saints

• Devotion

Spanish Topics:

Ladinos

A person who can read and write in Spanish and Filipino.

• Fernando Bagongbanta

• Gaspar Aquino de Belen

• Jose de la Cruz

• Francisco Baltazar

• Pedro Paterno

• Jose Rizal

• Andrés Bonifacio

• Leona Josefa Florentino

Spanish Literary Writers:

Fernando Bagongbanta

Is considered one of the earliest know Filipino poets

- Poetry about religion

Memorial de la Vida Christiana en lengua tagala

Fernando Bagongbanta’s book appeared in?

Salamat nang walang hanggan

Fernando Bagongbanta works is?

Gaspar Aquino de Belen

Holy week (Pasyon) - Theme: life, suffering, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. - 5 lines and 8 syllables

Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Christong Panginoon Natin sa Tola

Gaspar Aquino’s work

Komedya/Moro-moro

- Battle between Christian and Muslims

- To influence Filipino to be Christian

Jose de la Cruz

Huseng Sisiw

Greatest Master of the Komedya

Jose de la Cruz is considered as?

Jose de la Cruz

also made Ibong Adarna (believed it’s him who made it)

Francisco Baltazar

Known as Balagtas

- Prince of Tagalog Poets

- María Asunción Rivera (Selya) and married Marino Capule

Prince of Tagalog Poets

Francisco Baltazar is the Prince of _____

Florante at Laura

Francisco Baltazar famous work.

Pedro Paterno

first poetry collection in Spanish by a Filipino (he is)

Illustrado

elites, wealthy family, able to have education

Sampaguitas y Poesias Varias

Pedro Paterno’s book

Ninay

Pedro Paterno’ work

Jose Rizal

-Prominent Illustrado & country’s national hero

-Ophthalmology

Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Jose Rizal full name

• Noli Me Tangere

• El Filibusterismo

Jose Rizal Famous work:

GOMBURZA

Noli Me Tangere is inspired by these people.

Teodora Alonso Realonda

Mother of Rizal

Andrés Bonifacio

-Father of the Philippine Revolution

- Founder of the Katipunan

Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Luba

Andrés Bonifacio’s poem

Leona Josefa Florentino

Poet → Ilocano & Spanish - 20 poems preserved & exhibited in Europe

Mother of Philippine Women’s Literature

Leona Josefa Florentino is considered as?

Nalpay A Namnama

Leona Josefa Florentino’s famous work