EMR Chapter 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic problems that generally cause cardiac conditions?

Interruption of nerve pulses from the brain

A 55-year-old patient is complaining of pain in his neck, back, and jaw. He also states that he feels nauseated and light-headed. You should suspect a(n) _________ emergency.

cardiac

In the mnemonic OPQRST, used to assist with the evaluation of a patient in discomfort, the "P" stands for:

Provocation.

A patient with chest pain and discomfort should be considered unstable and should be monitored frequently, with reassessment at least every ____ minutes.

5

A patient who has taken her prescribed nitroglycerin for chest pain may experience the side effect of:

Hypotension

The term "cardiac ___________" describes specific signs and symptoms that indicate some type of emergency relating to the heart.

compromise

The oxygenated blood supply for the heart is provided by which blood vessels?

The coronary arteries

A condition that results when the blood supply to a portion of the heart is interrupted is called a(n):

myocardial infarction.

In the condition known as ___________ ________ __________ a patient has difficulty breathing because inefficient beating of the heart causes fluid to build up in the lungs.

congestive heart failure

A myocardial infarction occurs when one of the ___________ arteries is blocked, preventing blood from getting to the heart muscle.

Coronary

The symptom of pain for a patient having a possible myocardial infarction is that the pain may radiate to the _______, _______ or ______

Neck back or jaw

The _______ ________ receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

left atria

Presented with a patient with chest pain, the Emergency Medical Responder will not be able to differentiate a myocardial infarction from _______ _______.

angina pectoris.

Elderly patients suffering from congestive heart failure may have _________ complaints.

Vague

When the right side of the heart fails, fluid may accumulate in __________ places such as ankles.

dependent

Pain from angina pectoris may be ________ or _______ ______.

Substernal or across chest

Chest discomfort during a myocardial infarction may last longer than _____ minutes.

ten

Patients that may experience nonclassic şigns and symptoms during a çardiac- related event include _______, _______, and ____ __________.

Women ,diabetics and the elderly

Swelling in the lower extremities is called _______ _________.

Pedal edema

In the mnemonic OPQRST, the word ___________ is used to determine how bad the pain is.

Severity

List what letters in the mnemonic OPQRST stand for and what question to ask the patient for each one.

Onset- what were you doing when the pain came on?

Provocation- Were you doing anything that made the pain come on or get worse?

Quality- can you describe the pain in your own words?

Region- where is the pain exactly?

Severity- how bad is the pain on a scale of 1-10?

Time- how long have you had the pain?

List five questions to ask a patient who is in cardiac compromise.

Do you have any chest pain? Are you short of breath? Have you gained weight in the last several days? Have you noticed any fluid accumulating in your body? Are there signs of illness, such as fever, cough, or chills? Is the cough productive— and if so, what color is the sputum? Do you have any pain, heaviness, or discomfort in your chest, neck, jaw, arms, or back? Does it hurt when you breathe? When take a deep breath?