Carl Rogers

Client-centered

Refers to the Carl Roger's therapy

Person-centered

Refers to Rogerian personality theory

Formative and Actualizing tendency

Two basic assumptions of Carl Roger's Theory

Formative tendency

The natural desire or tendency of all living cultures to evolve and grow from simpler to more complex forms--to evolve

Actualizing tendency

The tendency within all living organisms to move toward completion or fulfillment of potentials

The whole person

Actualization involves ___

TRUE

Actualizing tendency is the only motive people possess

Maintenance

Similar to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this includes the basic needs (air, food, water) but also embraces the tendency to resist change and to preserve their current and comfortable self-concept; even if it means they would distort experiences that don't quite fit

Enhancement

The need to become more, to develop, and to achieve growth

Enhancement

Seen in people's willingness to learn things that are not immediately rewarding

Self-actualization

The tendency to actualize the self as perceived in awareness

The self-concept and ideal self

2 subsystems of Self-Actualization

Self-concept

Similarly known as the self-image, which includes one's being and experiences that are perceived in awareness by the individual

Ideal self

One's view of self as one wishes to be; contains attributes, positive and that people aspire to possess

Congruence

When one's ideal self is consistent to their actual experiences

Incongruence

When one's ideal self is not consistent with what happens in their life

Person-centered ; Client-centered

Rogers’ theory is referred to as , while his therapy is referred to as .

Formative tendency

This is a tendency for all organic and inorganic matter, to evolve from simpler to more complex forms

Actualizing tendency

The tendency within all humans to move toward completion or fulfillment of potentials.

Ideal self

This is a subsystem of self-actualization defined as one’s view of self as one aspire to possess.

Self-concept

This is a subsystem of self-actualization that includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that are perceived in awareness by the individual.

Awareness

The symbolic representation of some portion of our experience. Without this, self-concept and the ideal self would not exist

Ignored, Accurately symbolized, Distorted form

Levels of Awareness

Ignored/Denied

Level of awareness where events that are experienced below the threshold of awareness

Accurately symbolized

Level of awareness where experiences that are ____ and freely admitted to the self-structure. These experiences are non-threatening and is consistent with the existing self-concept

Distorted form

Level of awareness where experiences that is not consistent with one's view of self, one reshapes the experience so that it can be assimilated into one's existing self-concept

Ignored experience

A woman walking down a busy street encounters many potential stimuli, particularly of light and sound, however she does not attend to any of those stimuli. This is an example of what level of awareness?

Denied experience

Juan never wanted children, yet he is very caring of them because of his guilt. His anger and resentment toward his children may be hidden for him for years, never reaching consciousness but yet still a part of his experience and shaping his conscious behavior towards them.

Accurately symbolized

A ballerina who is very confident with her skills was complimented by her friend that her dancing was full of soul and grace. After hearing these words, she allows herself to freely admit them to her self-concept. What level of awareness does this illustrate?

Denial of positive experiences

Not only negative and derogatory experiences are distorted or denied to one’s awareness but some experience difficulties accepting genuine compliments and feedback.

Positive regard

It is when a person develops a need to be loved, liked, or accepted by another person

Positive self-regard

It is when one begins the experience of prizing or valuing one's self; inherently becomes independent of the continual need to be loved

Conditions of worth

Instead of unconditional positive regard, this is what most receive

Conditions of worth

Becomes the criterion by which we accept or reject our experiences

Conditions of worth

An example is where we perceive our parents, peers, or partners' love and acceptance if we meet their expectations and approval

External evaluations

Perceptions of how other people view us they do not foster psychological health and prevents us from being completely open to our experiences

Incongruence

The source of psychological disorders when the self-concept and its organismic experience is inconsistent

Vulnerability

the greater the incongruence between their perceived self (self-concept) and their organismic experience, the more vulnerable they are

Anxiety

A state of uneasiness or tension whose cause is unknown

Threat

The awareness that our self is no longer in congruent

Defensiveness

Prevention of the inconsistencies between the organismic experience and one's perceived self by reacting defensively. It is a protection of the self-concept against anxiety and threat

Distortion

People misinterpret an experience to fit into some aspect of their self-concept

Denial

The refusal to perceive an experience in awareness

Disorganization

Occurs when the incongruence between the perceived self and the organismic self is too obvious or too sudden to be denied or distorted

Disorganization

When a woman who is really conservative and takes into careful consideration of her words, suddenly begins to use explicitly sexual and indecent language

Conditions of worth

We perceive that our friends will only accept us if we meet their expectations and approval

Incongruence

A student who is struggling in med school because she was forced to this program, when in reality she wanted to become an architect

Defensiveness

You cannot blame me for cheating, you were unavailable when I needed you. I was just vulnerable at that point

Person of tomorrow

Psychologically healthy people would be more adaptable, they are most likely to survive

Counselor congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic listening

The three conditions in a client-centered approach therapy

Person of tomorrow

Outcome of a client-centered approach therapy

If-then

Person-centered theory follows what framework?

Person-centered theory

Certain conditions would procure processes that may lead to good outcomes.

Organismic self

It is what it is; roughly defined as “real self”; has no perception of awareness

Formative tendency

This is a tendency for all organic and inorganic matter to evolve from simple to complex

Actualizing tendency

The tendency within all humans to move forward towards completion or fulfillment of your potentials

Ideal self

This is a subsystem of self actualization defined as one’s view of self as one aspires to be

Self-concept

This is a subsystem of self-actualization that includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that are perceived in your awareness by an individual

Disorganization

When the woman who is really conservative takes into careful consideration her words suddenly begins to use explicitly sexual and indecent language. What kind of psychological health barrier is involved?

Conditions of worth

We perceive that our friends will only accept us if we meet their expectations and approval

Incongruence

A student who is struggling in med school because she was forced to this program, when in reality she wanted to become an architect

Defensiveness

You cannot blame me for cheating you were unavailable when I needed you, I was just vulnerable at that point