Beauchamp and Childress Respect for Autonomy

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the principle of respect for autonomy and its implications in biomedical ethics.

Respect for Autonomy

The principle of acknowledging individuals' rights to make their own choices based on their values and beliefs.

Autonomy

The capacity of an individual to make informed and uncoerced decisions.

Diminished Autonomy

The state where an individual's capacity to make choices is impaired or constrained by external factors.

What causes an individual's capacity to make choices to be impaired or constrained in a state of Diminished Autonomy?

External factors.

Liberty

The condition of being free from controlling influences.

Agency

The ability of individuals to act intentionally, based on their own values and beliefs.

Informed Consent

A process by which a patient or research subject voluntarily confirms their willingness to participate after being informed of all relevant aspects.

What does a patient or research subject do in the process of Informed Consent?

Voluntarily confirms their willingness to participate after being informed of all relevant aspects.

Paternalism

Interference by others with a person's autonomy for their own good, often without their consent.

What ethical concept describes interference with a person's autonomy for their own good, often without their consent?

Paternalism.

Relational Autonomy

A concept of autonomy that considers the influence of social relationships and context on an individual's decision-making.

What factors does Relational Autonomy consider when understanding an individual's decision-making?

The influence of social relationships and context.

The Principle of Nonmaleficence

The ethical obligation to not inflict harm intentionally.

What is the primary ethical obligation under the Principle of Nonmaleficence?

To not inflict harm intentionally.

Beneficence

The ethical principle of acting in the best interest of the patient or participant.

Therapeutic Privilege

The concept allowing a physician to withhold information from a patient if disclosing it would cause harm.

Under what condition can a physician invoke Therapeutic Privilege?

If disclosing information to a patient would cause them harm.

Substituted Judgment

A standard for surrogate decision-making that aims to make decisions based on what the patient would have wanted.

What is the goal of Substituted Judgment in surrogate decision-making?

To make decisions based on what the patient would have wanted.

Best Interests Standard

A guideline for surrogate decision making focusing on the patient's best interest, typically used when the patient's wishes are unknown.

When is the Best Interests Standard typically applied in surrogate decision-making?

When the patient's wishes are unknown, and the decision focuses on the patient's best interest.