Anat chapte r11

Two types of nerve cells are what?

Neuronal cell and Glial Cell

Sensory Neurons do what (Afferent)

Relay action based of senses

Association Neurons do what?? (interneuron)

Connect Sensory neurons to Motor Neurons

Motor Neurons do what (efferent)

Do actions like moving

What is the order of action

Sensory to association to motor neurons

Multipolar Neurons have how many Axons and how many dendrites

one axon and multiple dendrites

Bipolar Neurons have how many Axons and how many dendrites

One axon and one dendrite

Unipolar Neuron have how many Axons and how many dendrites

one axon no dendrites

Anaxonic Neuron

No axon multipolar dendrites

A cluster of Neuron cells in the PNS

Ganglia

A cluster of Neuron cells in CNS

Nuclei

Dendrites are what

Cell extensions that send and receive info to the other neurons

Trigger zone

Area where action potential is generated

Collection of Axon on CNs

Tract

Collection of Axon on PNS

Peripheral Nerve

Trigger Zone

Area where action potential is generated

Blood Brain barrier

Regulate what substances can enter the CNS via blood

Ependymal cells are located where

Brain ventricles and spinal cords central canal

What does the Choroid plexus generate

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Microglia are what?

specialized CNS macrophages

Sattelite cells

Provide Support nutrients and proteection from heavy metals

Oligodendrocytes

wrap Myelin sheats around axons, to increase conduction or velocity

Schwann cells (located on PNS)

Increase conduction or velocity

Gray Matter

Unmyelinated Axons

White matter

Myelinated Axons

During Resting membrane potential what is negative and what is postive>

Outside is negative inside is positive

Depolorizatoin

Sodium pumps open and enter the cell

Repolorization

Potassium pumps open and it floods out

Hyperpolorization

Evens out Potassium pump slightly open

Return to rest

3 sodium ion in and 2 potassium ions out

Absolute Refractory Period

a second action potential cant be recreated

Relative refractory period

a second action potential can be recreated

Type A nerve fiber

Conduct at 15 to 120m/s Supply skeletal and most sensory neurons

Type B Nerve fiber

Supply Autonmic nervous system ( 3 to 15m/s)

Type C Nerve fiber

unmyelinated 2m/s

Presynaptic terminal

transmits signal to synapse

Postsynaptic terminal

Target cell recieving signal

Electrical Synapse

Action potential

Chemical Synapse

aCh, Epinephrine

🧠 Two enzymes that degrade neurotransmitters:

Acetylcholinesterase, and Neprilysin

T/F if you were to increase neurotransmitters to reduce presynaptic cleft

F

Connexons are found where

Protein tubes in cell membrane

Electirc synapse are found where

found in cardiac muscle /smooth muscle

Neurotransmitters

Released by action potentials and bind to ligand

Neuromodulators do what

Increase likelihood of action potential

Spatial summation is what?

Multiple dendrites sending a signal seen at trigger zone which than causes action potential

Temporal Summation

Same dendrites cause action potential by continuous fire

EPSP do they excite or inhibit

Excite

IPSPs

Inhibit