Untitled Flashcards Set

Sun Yat Sen

Recognized leader of young revolutionaries, advocated for a republic, became president of the Chinese republic in 1912.

Jiang Jieshi

Army officer known as Chiang Kai-Shek; led GMD and was president and commander of the army in China.

Mao Zedong

Communist leader who founded the Chinese Communist Party; was chairman of the People's Republic of China from 1949-1959.

Lin Biao

Military commander of the CCP, became minister of defense; died in a plane crash after a failed coup against Mao.

Zhou Enlai

Communist leader involved in the May 4th movement; served as Mao's prime minister from 1949.

Guomindang (GMD)

Nationalist political party in China, governed from 1928 to 1949.

Warlords

Generals commanding armies that terrorized peasants into giving them food and taxes.

Collectivisation

Creation of a socialist economy by removing private ownership; peasants worked cooperatively.

Cultural Revolution

A socio-political movement initiated by Mao Zedong from 1966-1976 aimed at preserving true Communist ideology.

The Great Leap Forward

Mao's campaign to enhance industrial and agricultural production through collective farming and communes.

Gang of Four

Political group that oversaw cultural repression during the Cultural Revolution; included Mao's wife Jian Qing.

Struggle Session

Public humiliation sessions where accused individuals confessed their alleged crimes, often leading to violence.

Communism

A political and economic ideology advocating for a classless system where the means of production are owned communally.

Mao Zedong Thought

Ideological framework based on Mao's beliefs, emphasizing peasantry, continuous revolution, and self-criticism.

Anti-Rightist campaign

Campaign aimed to purge alleged rightist elements within the Chinese Communist Party and society.

Bourgeois elements

Derogatory term for individuals exhibiting middle-class characteristics, seen as obstacles to socialism.

Chinese Civil War

Conflict between the GMD and CCP leading to communist victory; solidified Mao's rule over China.

Five Antis Campaign

Campaign in 1952 targeting corruption and economic malpractice among capitalists and party members.

Peng Dehuai

Defense minister of China, perceived as a Maoist leader but later purged during the Cultural Revolution.

Deng Xiaoping

Communist leader who played an important role in economic reconstruction, paramount leader from 1978-1992.

Censorship

Suppression of speech, public communication, and other information; a tool used by Maoist government.

Yan'an Soviet

Base for the CCP after the Long March where significant developments in communist ideology and policy took place.

Long March

A tactical retreat by the Red Army led by Mao Zedong; significant in establishing Mao as a key leader of the CCP.

Opium Wars

Conflicts in the 19th century between China and Western powers over trade, leading to significant territorial losses for China.