Magnetism and Electromagnetics (AQA)

What materials are attracted by magnets?

Iron, Steel, Nickel, and Cobalt.

What are the two poles of a magnet?

North pole and South pole.

What happens when like poles of a magnet are brought together?

They repel each other.

What is the law that describes the behavior of magnetic poles?

The Law of Magnetism.

How are magnetic fields represented?

By magnetic field lines.

From which pole to which pole do magnetic field lines go?

From the North pole to the South pole.

What is the effect of distance on magnetic field strength?

The magnetic field becomes weaker as distance from the magnet increases.

What is a permanent magnet?

A magnet that creates its own magnetic field and cannot be turned on or off.

What is an induced magnet?

A magnet that becomes magnetic when placed in a magnetic field and loses magnetism when removed.

How can magnetic materials be magnetized?

By stroking with a magnet or leaving near a magnet for a long time.

What rule helps determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire?

Corkscrew Rule.

What is a solenoid?

A coil of insulated wire that produces a strong and uniform magnetic field.

What describes the poles of a solenoid?

The current's direction: clockwise for South pole and anticlockwise for North pole.

What happens to the strength of a solenoid's magnetic field if the current is increased?

The strength of the magnetic field increases.

What is an electromagnet?

A solenoid with an iron core that can be magnetized when current flows.

Name an application of electromagnets in everyday life.

Electric Bell, Relay, or Loudspeaker.

What is the motor effect?

The force experienced by a current-carrying wire placed in a magnetic field.

What does Fleming's Left-Hand Rule represent?

The direction of Motion, Field, and Current.

How can you increase the strength of the force on a current-carrying wire?

Increase magnetic flux density, current, or length of wire.

What is induced potential difference?

The potential difference created when a conductor moves relative to a magnetic field.

What is the purpose of a generator?

To generate electricity using electromagnetic induction.

What do transformers do?

Change the potential difference (voltage) of an alternating current.

What is the function of step-up transformers?

Increase voltage and decrease current.

What is the National Grid?

A network of cables and transformers that distributes electricity across long distances.

Why is electricity transmitted at high voltages in the National Grid?

To reduce energy loss due to heating in the cables.