OOP D.1 Objects as programming concept

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14 Terms

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Object
An abstract entity that has data/attributes/state and actions/methods/behaviours.
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Class
A template or blueprint for creating individual instances of an object.
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Instantiation
The process of creating an instance (object) of a class.
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UML Diagram
A visual tool used to depict the definitions of classes and the relationships between them.
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Encapsulation
A principle used to reduce coupling between classes, hiding the internal state of an object.
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Dependency
A relationship where one class is reliant on another.
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Inheritance
A relationship where one class derives from another, denoting a 'is a' relationship.
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Aggregation
A special case of dependency where a connection is mandatory for at least one of the objects.
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Pass-by-value
A technique where the actual value of a variable is passed.
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Pass-by-reference
A technique where the memory location of a variable is passed.
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Constructor
A special method used to initialize objects in a class.
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Method
A function associated with an object that defines its behaviour.
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Attribute
A property or field that defines the state of an object.
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Object Reference
A variable that holds the memory address of an object.