Elizabethan England

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32 Terms

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Courtiers

Usually members of the nobility

Spent much of their lives with Elizabeth I

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Nobility

Group of people belonging to the the highest social class

Aristocracy

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Militia

Military force of ordinary people

Usually raised for an emergency

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Divine Right

Belief that the Monarch’s right to rule was from God

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Patron

Someone who gives encouragement or financial support to an individual or cause

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Crown

Monarch and their government

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Succession

The issue of who would succeed a monarch after death

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Catholicism

Form of Christianity

Followed in all of Western Europe until 1500

Allegiance to the Pope

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Queen Regnant

A queen who rules in her own right (e.g Elizabeth I)

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Mass

Roman Catholic service

Bread and wine = body and blood of Christ

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The Reformation

Challenge to the teachings and power of the Roman Catholic Church

Said to have begun in Europe in 1517

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Intermediary

Someone who is a go-between in the absence of direct communication

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Last Supper

Last meal that Christ shared with his disciples, very important to Christians

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Sacraments

Special church services

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Communion

An alternative name for Mass, used by Protestants

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Clergy

Religious leaders such as priests and bishops

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Diocese

An area overseen by a bishop

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Altar

The table in Church where mass is performed

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Ecclesiastical

An adjective used to describe things related to the Church

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Royal Supremacy

When the monarch is also head of the Church

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Pilgrimage

A religious journey to an important monument, shine or place

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Recusants

Catholics who were unwilling to attend religious settlement services

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Papacy

The Church government ruled by the Pope

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Heretics

People with controversial opinions and beliefs denying the Catholic Church teachings

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Martyr

Someone killed for their beliefs - often religious

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Holy Roman Empire

A grouping of states and kingdoms in Central Europe

Includes Modern Germany

Each state had a leader

Leaders of 7 largest countries elected a Holy Roman Emperor

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Trade Embargo

Governments banning trade from another country

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Excommunicated

Severe punishment imposed by the Pope, expelling people from the Catholic Church

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Spanish inquisition

Political and religious body setup by Spain in 1478 to keep the state Catholic and persecute heretics

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Anointed

When holy oil is applied to a monarch in their coronation

Most important part of the coronation

Makes the person a monarch

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Abdicate

A king or queen giving up the throne

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Extraordinary taxation

Occasional, additional taxation to pay for unexpected expenses like war