WW1

Woodrow Wilson

The 28th U.S. President (1913-1921) who initially sought neutrality but asked congress to declare war in April 1917 after the discovery of the Zimmerman

Sir David Lloyd George

Prime Minister of England (1916-1922) and former minister of munitions, who became a key author of the Treaty of Versailles.

Nicholas II

The last Tsar of Russia (1894-1917) whose leadership led to Russia’s economic and military collapse

Vladimir Lenin

Founder of the Soviet Union and leader of the Bolshevik Revolution, who led the Soviet Union from 1917 to 1924

Wilhelm II

Emperor of Germany and King of Prussia (1888-1918) who abdicated (surrendered the throne) in 1918 after losing public support

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian Empire whose assassination on June 24, 1914, essentially started WWI

League of Nations

Founded on January 10th, 1920, it was the first intergovernmental organization dedicated to maintaining global peace

Fourteen Points

A document proposed by Woodrow Wilson in a speech to congress on January 8th 1918 outlining U.S goals for a post war world.

Zimmerman Telegram

A secret communication sent in January 1917 proposing a military alliance between Germany and Mexico.

Treaty of Versailles

Signed on June 28th, 1919, it included the ‘war guilt clause’ which held Germany solely responsible of WWI.

New Economic Policy (NEP)

Introduced by Vladimir Lenin in 1921, it featured a ‘free market and capitalism’ under state control

Bolshevik Revolution (October Revolution)

Occurred on October 25th, 1917, led by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolshevik Party, catalyzing the broader Russian Revolution

Great Depression

A severe global economic downturn lasting from 1929 through the late 1930’s triggered by the U.S. stock market crash.

Trench Warefare

Where battles are fought in trenches protecting soldiers from bullets, bombs, and shrapnel, resulting in a ‘stalemate’

Isolationism

The foreign policy of the US prior to WW1 to stay out of the war

Capitalism

A free marked system established by the US and most countries except the USSR after the Revolution.

Communism

The political system established in the USSR by the Bolsheviks after the Revolution

Reparations

Compensation payable by a defeated country to another country or tan an individual for loss suffered during or as a result of war.

Triple Alliance

The agreement between Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Italy during WWI

Triple Entente

The agreement between Britain and France, and Russia

Mandate System

Established by the League of Nations transferring control of the Ottoman Empire’s countries to the Allies