Afghanistan-Saudi Arabia

Iran Info

Language-FarsiHome of one of the world's oldest civilizationsDominant Religion-Shia, IslamOne of the most populated countries in Middle East

Secular

Non-religious Gov.

Mohammad Mosaddeq

Prime Minister of Iran

Shah Pahlavi

American supported Iranian leader who was a brutal dictator and later overthrown

SAVAK

Shah's secret police

Iranian Revolution

(1978-1979) a revolution against the shah of Iran led by the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, which resulted in Iran becoming an Islamic republic with Khomeini as its leader

Iranian Hostage Crisis

In 1979, Iranian fundamentalists seized the American embassy in Tehran and held fifty-three American diplomats hostage for over a year. The Iranian hostage crisis weaked the Carter presidency; the hostages were finally released on January 20, 1981, the day Ronald Reagan became president.

Ayatollah Khomeini

Iranian religious leader of the Shiites; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell Khomeini established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers

Theocracy

A government controlled by religious leaders

Afghanistan & Soviet invasion

25 December 1979

\> 50,000 Soviet troops invaded

\> Karmal was declared president

\> Last 10 years and roughly 1.5m died (inc. 15,000 Russians)

\> Invasion was a disaster for USSR - drained economy

Mujahideen

in Afghanistan, holy warriors who banded together to fight the Soviet-supported government in the late 1970s

Taliban

A group of fundamentalist Muslims who took control of Afghanistan's government in 1996

Saddam Hussein

Was a dictator in Iraq who tried to take over Iran and Kuwait violently in order to gain the land and the resources. He also refused to let the UN into Iraq in order to check if the country was secretly holding weapons of mass destruction.

WMD

a weapon that kills or injures civilian as well as military personnel (nuclear and chemical and biological weapons)

Iraq Rebelling Saddam

Shiites of southern Iraq encoraged by US to rebel and expected support from US but none provided. Saddam Hussein shuts down the rebellion leaving 20,000 killed. After, the Shiites felt betrayed by US

Bush Doctrine

A policy adopted by the Bush administration in 2001 that asserts America's right to attack any nation that has weapons of mass destruction that might be used against U.S. interests at home or abroad. "Your either with us or with the terrorist"

UN inspections on Iraq

These failed to find WMDs in Iraq, but the Bush administration continued to claim they existed.

Shock and Awe Campaign

\>March to April

\>Hussein and Baath Party overthrown by the US

Civil unrest in Iraq

Sunni vs. Shiite fight each other

Abu Ghraib

Prison in Iraq where Americans abused and tortured prisoners

Where did Bouazizi set him self on fire (Country)

Tunisia

What was Bouazizi protesting about

He wanted to protest corruption, high unemployment, widespread poverty and misery produced by high food prices.

What types of Governments do the countries that contributed to the Arab Spring?

mostly corrupt dictatorships

Who bombed one of Qaddifi's compounds?

NATO

Who is Qaddifi and is he dead?

Dictator of Libya but was killed

What happened to these dictators of the countries that had acts from the Arab Spring(In terms of $money$)

They became so rich and spoiled and let their county die and suffer with corruption and poverty.

Who attacked and took down Morsi's Government in Egypt?

Abdel Fattah el-sisi the old prime minister and the Muslim Brotherhood

Assad(Shiite) did what to Iran?

He and his military destroyed most of the city and led 20,000 Syrians to did

What is the Hezbollah?

Iran poured into Lebanon birthed the Islamic militant group Hezbollah which employed suicide bombings, hostage taking, assassination and military attacks on Israeli forces and other opponents.

Who started the Arab Spring?

Mohamed Bouazizi, the man who set himself on fire infront of the capital building

Who had Chemical Weapons?

Syria had chemical weapons (nerve gas)

What did the US do in action of Assad's chemical weapons?

Obama implemented a "red line" with Syrians. Trump ordered a military strike on them when they crossed the "red line"

What countries are allies with Syria(during arab spring)

Iran and Russia

How does Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Qatar aid against Assad?

By giving them weapons, ammunition, and funds

What countries are fight in a "civil war" in the arab world?

Iran and Saudi Arabia

What are Iran and Saudi Arabia fighting over?

Whom will be the center of the muslim world

Why does Saudi Arabia think they are the center of the muslim world?

They started Islam and have both Medina and Mecca which are the holiest Islam cites

Why does Iran think they are the center of the muslim world?

Iran believes that political currents in the Muslim world should be seen as forces of change in the region,

Is Saudi Arabia Sunni or Shia?

Sunni

Is Iran Sunni or Shia?

Shia