3 - Community Health Nursing Practice Questions with Rationales

Based on IMCI, how is SOME DEHYDRATION managed in a 3-month-old infant?

Supervise the mother in giving 200–400 mL of Oresol within 4 hours. Rationale: Some dehydration is treated with oral rehydration solution.

If a child vomits while taking Oresol, what should the mother do?

Let the child rest for 10 minutes then continue giving Oresol more slowly.

A child with 3rd degree protein energy malnutrition (kwashiorkor) will show what sign?

Edema. Rationale: Kwashiorkor is characterized by protein deficiency causing hypoalbuminemia and edema.

A child with “baggy pants” sign should be managed how?

Refer the child urgently to a hospital. Rationale: Baggy pants indicate severe marasmus.

What is the earliest visible sign of xerophthalmia?

Conjunctival xerosis.

What dose of Retinol is given to preschool children every 6 months?

200,000 IU.

What body part is best examined for pallor in iron deficiency anemia?

Palms.

Which food item is included in R.A. 8976 food fortification program?

Sugar. Rationale: The law requires fortification of rice, wheat flour, sugar, and cooking oil.

During a measles epidemic, what is the best preventive action?

Give measles vaccine to babies aged 6–8 months.

Which is a danger sign requiring urgent hospital referral in IMCI?

Inability to drink.

Management of a child with measles includes administration of what?

Retinol capsule regardless of when the last dose was given.

To determine malaria risk in a child with fever, what should the nurse ask first?

Ask where the family resides.

What is the most effective dengue prevention strategy?

Destroying breeding places of mosquitoes.

Secondary prevention for malaria includes what?

Determining whether a place is endemic or not.

Scotch tape swab is used to detect which intestinal parasite?

Pinworm.

Which sign indicates need for sputum examination for AFB?

Cough for 3 weeks.

Who are targets for DOTS Category I?

Clients diagnosed for the first time through a positive sputum exam.

What innovation improves compliance in DOTS treatment?

Health worker or responsible family member monitors drug intake.

What is an early sign of leprosy?

Thickened painful nerves.

Who is classified as having multibacillary leprosy?

Client with positive slit skin smear and at least 5 skin lesions.

What is the most frequent cause of death associated with schistosomiasis in the Philippines?

Liver cirrhosis.

What is the most effective way of controlling schistosomiasis?

Proper use of sanitary toilets.

An artesian well is classified as what level of water facility?

Level II.

Which is irrelevant in preventing hepatitis A?

Use of sterile syringes and needles.

Which EPI biological should NOT be stored in the freezer?

DPT. Rationale: DPT is damaged by freezing and should be stored at 2–8°C.

A barangay has a population of 1,500. Estimate the number of infants.

45 infants. Rationale: Multiply population by 3%.

Which severe IMCI condition does NOT always require hospital referral?

Severe dehydration.

Slow capillary refill in dengue is indicated when nailbed color does not return within how many seconds?

3 seconds.

A child with dengue fever and positive tourniquet test but no danger signs should receive what?

Oresol to maintain fluid balance.

Where can Koplik’s spots be observed?

Buccal mucosa.

Which disease is airborne?

Measles.

Among children aged 2 months to 3 years, what microorganism commonly causes meningitis?

Haemophilus influenzae.

Which malaria control strategy is based on humans being the reservoir?

Zooprophylaxis.

Use of larvivorous fish in malaria control is called what strategy?

Stream seeding.

Which mosquito control measure is NOT appropriate for malaria control?

Destruction of breeding places of mosquitoes.

A child passing “rice water” stools is most likely suffering from what disease?

Cholera.

Which species of Schistosoma is endemic in the Philippines?

Schistosoma japonicum.

A patient exposed to flood waters develops fever, body malaise, and jaundice. What disease is suspected?

Leptospirosis.

MWSS water supply system is what level of water facility?

Level III.

A client has positive ELISA for HIV. What is the best action?

Refer for supplementary testing such as Western blot.

What is the best control measure for AIDS?

Being faithful to a single sexual partner.