Biodiversity Conservation Lecture (ES 10)

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions, hierarchies, environmental ideologies, and valuation systems discussed in the Biodiversity Conservation course.

$$Bios$$

A Latin term referring to all kinds of living things, both in the present and in the past.

Biodiversity (Literal Definition)

The variety and extent of differences among living things.

Natural Diversity

A notion that appeared in the 1950s in the technical writings of biologists G. Evelyn Hutchinson and Robert MacArthur.

$Biodiversity$ (1988 Publication)

A book by Edward Wilson that sounded the alarm of rapid species extinction and focused world attention on the concept of biodiversity.

Convention on Biological Diversity (Rio 1992)

Defines biological diversity as variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems.

IUCN/UNEP Definition of Biodiversity

The totality of genes, species, and ecosystems in a region.

Taxonomic Elements

The organizational hierarchy of biota grouped by Kingdom, Division/Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

Genetic Elements

The hierarchy of biological information including Genome, Chromosomes, Gene, Allele, and Nucleic Acids.

Ecological Elements

A gradient of complexity ranging from Individuals to Population, Community, Ecosystem, Landscape, Biome, and Biosphere.

Anthropocentrism (Homocentrism)

A human-centered view focusing on the utilitarian value of biodiversity and the centrality of humans in natural resource management.

Ecocentrism (Biocentrism)

A nature-centered view based on the ethical ground that all living things have value in themselves regardless of human valuation.

Holism

An approach to conservation that deals with interactions between different levels of biodiversity and their relationship with human communities.

Environmental Ethics

A system of moral principles focusing on the behavior of humans toward the environment, addressing accountability and responsibility.

Environmental Economics

A field of study examining the costs and benefits of economic activity over long periods to all segments of human society.

Environmental Ideology

A systematic way of thinking by social groups or institutions based on environmental doctrines, symbols, and myths.

Environmental Paradigm

A set of environmental concepts, models, or positions shared by scholars.

Consumptive Use Value

The value placed on nature's products that are consumed directly without passing through a market.

Productive Use Value

The value assigned to products that are commercially harvested for exchange in markets.

Nonconsumptive Use Value

Includes indirect ecosystem functions such as pollination, seed dispersal, scientific research, and wildlife photography.

Option Value

The value of maintaining environmental options available for the future.

Existence Value

The value derived from ethical feelings regarding the existence of a species or habitat.

$$Luperosaurus \, alvarezi$$

A new fringed forest gecko species endemic to Sibuyan Island, Romblon, named after Dr. James D. V. Alvarez.

$$Amorphophallus \, calladoi$$

A new endemic herbaceous plant described in 2026 from Aurora and Nueva Ecija, Luzon.

$$Vombisidris$$

A genus of ants noted for being rare in museum collections, of which six new species were identified in the Philippines in 2026.